Free radical polymerization of nitropropyl acrylates and methacrylates. I. Heat of polymerization

Lee, Keundeuk; Kim, Jinseuk; Lee, Bumjae

doi:10.1002/app.1743

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…1), which were synthesized by our work group following the method described in previous works [3,[5][6][7] and characterized by GPC, FTIR, and 1 H NMR. Their molecular weight characteristics are listed in Table 1 …”

Section: Experimental Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Cho et al [5] reported the 2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate polymer (PDNPA) and 2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate-2,2-dinitrobutyl acrylate copolymer (DNPA/DNBA) for the pressable PBX formulations. Lee et al [6] studied free radical polymerization of nitropropyl acrylates and methacrylate. The author investigated the synthesis of PDNPA, PDNBA, P (3, 3-DNBA) and gem-dinitro valerylated polystyrene (GDN-PS) [7][8][9][10], and also discussed the compatibility of 2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate-styrene copolymer with some explosives [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal decomposition and kinetics studies on the poly (2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate) and 2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate–2,2-dinitrobutyl acrylate copolymer

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2015

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Thermal stability and decomposition kinetics of two energetic binders: poly (2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate) (PDNPA) and 2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate-2,2-dinitrobutyl acrylate copolymer (DNPA/DNBA) were investigated by thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques under nitrogen atmosphere. The results of TG analysis revealed that the mass loss about 60 % of two energetic binders occurs in the temperature ranges of 200-280°C. Meanwhile, the decomposition temperature of PDNPA and DNPA/DNBA started at 183 and 198°C, respectively. The decomposition kinetics of two energetic binders were studied by non-isothermal DSC under various heating rates (2.5, 5, 7.5, 10 and 12.5°C min -1 ). The kinetic parameters for thermal decomposition of the both binders, such as activation energy and frequency factor, were obtained by ASTM E698, Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) and Starink methods. The activation energy values obtained by KAS and Starink methods increase with the degree of conversion (a). The activation energy of thermal decomposition at a = 0.1 obtained by Starink and KAS methods for the PDNPA and DNPA/DNBA are 123.23 ± 0.13 and 127.71 ± 0.12 kJ mol -1 , respectively. The rate constants for thermal decomposition calculated from the activation parameters showed the structural dependency. The relative thermal stability of two polymers under 50°C was in this order: DNPA/DNBA [ PDNPA.

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Section: Experimental Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal decomposition and kinetics studies on the poly (2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate) and 2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate–2,2-dinitrobutyl acrylate copolymer

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2015

J Therm Anal Calorim

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“…The value of ∆Hp for methacrylate groups was assumed to be 58.6 kJ/mol [43]. Experimentally determined values of the heat of polymerization of methacrylate monomers are in the range of 45 to 60 kJ/mol [44][45][46].…”

Section: Characterization Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, some of the calculated maximum conversions are above 100%, which is a result of the assumed approximate value of the heat of polymerization. Experimentally determined values of the heat of polymerization of methacrylate monomers can range from 45 to 60 kJ/mol, depending on the structure of the monomer [45][46][47]. According to the literature, conversion values higher than 100% were reported by Andrzejewska (for compositions with 2,2 -thiobisethanol diacrylate (TEDA) and 2,2 -oxybisethanol diacrylate (OEDA)) [48].…”

Section: Uv-dsc Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Photoinitiator Type and Curing Conditions on the Photocuring of Soft Polymer Network

Niedźwiedź,

Demirci,

Kantor-Malujdy

et al. 2023

Materials

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The presented work deals with the photocuring of telechelic macromonomers derived from plant-based fatty acids to obtain a soft polymer network. Compositions were made by mixing macromonomers with three different concentrations (0.5, 1, and 2%) of two type I photoinitiators (Omnirad 2022 and Omnirad 819). All formulations were then subjected to photopolymerization studies by applying UV-assisted differential scanning calorimetry (UV-DSC) measurements at isothermal conditions at 37 °C with a narrow light source wavelength of 365 nm and irradiation (light intensity) of 20 and 50 mW/cm2. The percentage conversions, reaction orders, and constants were estimated based on autocatalytic Sestak–Berggen and Avrami models. In this work, for the first time, the influence of the curing conditions on the photopolymerization process, such as the photoinitiator concentration, light intensity, and oxygen presence/absence, were investigated for these novel systems. The results indicated significant differences between the two commercially available photoinitiators and their effects on photopolymerization kinetics. The maximum reaction rate was found to be considerably higher for Omnirad 2022 (which is a blend of three different compounds), especially at a lower light intensity, i.e., 20 mW/cm2, compared to Omnirad 819. However, it led to lower maximum conversion in an air atmosphere. The dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMTA) revealed that light intensity, photoinitiator concentration, and oxygen presence had a strong effect on the storage modulus and loss modulus values. It was concluded that the chemical structure of the photoinitiator and curing conditions had a strong effect on the photopolymerization kinetics and properties of the prepared soft polymer networks.

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Non-isothermal kinetics of free-radical polymerization of 2,2-dinitro-1-butyl acrylate

Zhang

et al. 2009

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Free radical polymerization of nitropropyl acrylates and methacrylates. I. Heat of polymerization

Cited by 7 publications

References 35 publications

Thermal decomposition and kinetics studies on the poly (2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate) and 2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate–2,2-dinitrobutyl acrylate copolymer

Thermal decomposition and kinetics studies on the poly (2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate) and 2,2-dinitropropyl acrylate–2,2-dinitrobutyl acrylate copolymer

Influence of Photoinitiator Type and Curing Conditions on the Photocuring of Soft Polymer Network

Non-isothermal kinetics of free-radical polymerization of 2,2-dinitro-1-butyl acrylate

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