Free radical‐induced pathology

Clark, Ian A.; Cowden, W. B.; Hunt, Nicholas H.

doi:10.1002/med.2610050303

Cited by 139 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 249 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Since the hydroxyl radical has one unpaired electron in the structure, it tends to deprive other substances of an electron which is so-called oxidation [37]. It is well-known that hydroxyl radicals are involved in various biochemical reactions, and hydroxyl radical-induced oxidative damage on cells and tissues leads to specific diseases if hydroxyl radicals are generated chronically [38,39]. On the other hand, the cytotoxic effect of hydroxyl radicals is also used in a positive way.…”

Section: Application Of Hydroxyl Radicals To Disinfection Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbicidal Activity of Artificially Generated Hydroxyl Radicals

Sheng

Nakamura

Kanno

et al. 2015

Interface Oral Health Science 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The hydroxyl radical, one of the reactive oxygen species, has one unpaired electron in the structure, so that it tends to deprive other substances of an electron which is so-called oxidation. It is known that hydroxyl radicals produced by immunological response kill invading microorganisms by the oxidation. Besides the immune system, it has been demonstrated that hydroxyl radicals play an important role in the bactericidal action of antibiotics. In this context, we have conducted a research to develop disinfection techniques utilizing artificially generated hydroxyl radicals. We adopted photolysis of H 2 O 2 , sonolysis of water and the other photo-chemical reaction as generators of hydroxyl radicals. A series of studies demonstrated that the microbicidal activity of hydroxyl radicals was sufficient to kill bacteria in an experimental biofilm as well as planktonic bacteria and fungi within a short-treatment time. In addition, the safety aspect is confirmed by an in vivo study and a literature review. Thus, it is suggested that disinfection treatment utilizing artificially generated hydroxyl radicals can be applicable to medical/dental therapy as novel disinfection treatments.

show abstract

Section: Application Of Hydroxyl Radicals To Disinfection Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbicidal Activity of Artificially Generated Hydroxyl Radicals

Sheng

Nakamura

Kanno

et al. 2015

Interface Oral Health Science 2014

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The 5-substituted 3-(3-hydroxypropyl)indole (III, nϭ2) was prepared from ethyl 3-(5-hexyloxyindol-3-yl)propionate 18) by reduction with LiAlH 4 . The substituted tryptophols (III, nϭ1) and 3-(3-hydroxypropyl)indole (III, nϭ2) were re- duced with sodium cyanoborohydride (NaBH 3 CN) to corresponding indolines followed by protection with di-tert-butyl dicarbonate ((Boc) 2 O) to afford N-protected indoline derivatives (IV).…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 4-substituted derivative (34a) was prepared from 33a by condensation with ethylene bromohydrin. The 5-or 6-substituted derivatives (34b, c) were obtained by reduction of the appropriate indoline carboxylate (33b, c) 19) with diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBAL-H) or LiAlH 4 and protection with (Boc) 2 O. Bromination of 34a-c with CBr 4 and Ph 3 P followed by condensation with imidazole gave 35a-c, which were deprotected with HCl followed by condensation with ethyl bromoacetate or ethyl acrylate followed by hydrolysis of ester precursors with NaOH to afford target compounds 4-6.…”

Section: A Novel Series Of Thromboxanementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Novel Series of Thromboxane A2 Synthetase Inhibitors with Free Radical Scavenging and Anti-peroxidative Activities.

Kamiya

Shirahase

Nakamura

et al. 2001

CHEMICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A novel series of indoline derivatives with imidazole and carboxyl moieties were synthesized and evaluated for their thromboxane A 2 (TXA 2 ) synthetase inhibiting, radical scavenging and anti-peroxidative activities. Among the compounds synthesized, 3-{5-substituted-3-[2-(imidazol-1-yl)ethyl]indolin-1-yl}propionic acids showed free radical scavenging activity and inhibitory effects on lipid-peroxidation of rat brain homogenate and on arachidonate-induced TXA 2 -dependent aggregation of rabbit platelets. The anti-platelet and anti-peroxidative activities were related to the lipophilicity of the 5-substituent. The 5-hexyloxy derivative (13) showed about 35-fold higher inhibitory activity on TXA 2 synthesis than that of ozagrel and about 100-fold higher activity on lipid peroxidation than that of a a-tocopherol. Compound 13 showed in vivo anti-thrombotic effect in mice and ex vivo anti-peroxidative activity in rats.Key words indoline derivative; thromboxane A 2 synthetase inhibitor; radical scavenger; anti-peroxidation duced with sodium cyanoborohydride (NaBH 3 CN) to corresponding indolines followed by protection with di-tert-butyl dicarbonate ((Boc) 2 O) to afford N-protected indoline derivatives (IV). Bromination of IV with CBr 4 and Ph 3 P followed by condensation with imidazole and deprotection with HCl to afford V. Target compounds (2, 7-9, 12-27) were obtained by condensation with ethyl acrylate or ethyl 3-bromopropionate followed by hydrolysis of ester precursors (VI) with NaOH.Compounds 10 and 11 were prepared from the 5-hydroxyindoline derivative (VII). Deprotection of VI (nϭ1, mϭ2, RϭOCH 2 C 6 H 5 ) was performed with trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in anisole to afford the corresponding phenol (VII), which was condensed with the appropriate bromides followed by hydrolysis of ester precursors with NaOH to give 10 and 11.Chart 2 shows the synthetic route of 3. 5-Bromoindoline derivative (28) was reacted with CuCN in N-methylpyrrolidone to afford 5-cyanoindoline derivative (29). Hydrolysis of 29 with conc. HCl gave the corresponding carboxylic acid (30), 19) which was protected with ester and (Boc) 2 O to give 31. Bromination of 31 with CBr 4 and Ph 3 P followed by condensation with imidazole gave 32, which was deprotected with NaOH and HCl to afford 3.Chart 3 shows the synthetic route of the other indoline derivatives (4-6). The 4-substituted derivative (34a) was prepared from 33a by condensation with ethylene bromohydrin. The 5-or 6-substituted derivatives (34b, c) were obtained by reduction of the appropriate indoline carboxylate (33b, c) 19) with diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBAL-H) or LiAlH 4 and protection with (Boc) 2 O. Bromination of 34a-c with CBr 4 and Ph 3 P followed by condensation with imidazole gave 35a-c, which were deprotected with HCl followed by condensation with ethyl bromoacetate or ethyl acrylate followed by hydrolysis of ester precursors with NaOH to afford target compounds 4-6. Results and DiscussionIn the present study, we synthesized a series of indoline derivatives and examined their...

show abstract

“…The oxygen uptake of skeletal muscles may increase up to 100-200 times during strenuous exercise. The possibility that this could cause oxidative tissue damage including skeletal muscles is upheld by much experimental work (Clark et al 1985 ;Jenkins 1988). Dillard et al (1978), for example, were the first to show that pentane (which might be formed as a lipid peroxidation product) was increased in the expired gas of human subjects who had exercised at 50% Vo2max.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%