Free geospatial software and applications

Abstract

This chapter examines the significant impact of Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) on the geospatial industry, tracing its development from the 1980s to its current widespread adoption. FOSS, which allows users the freedom to use, modify, and distribute software, has cultivated a varied ecosystem of projects, including geospatial applications under FOSS4G (Free and Open Source Software for Geospatial Applications). The Open Source Geospatial Foundation (OSGeo) supports the collaborative advancement and distribution of these technologies, leading to their global utilization. QGIS, a key component of FOSS4G, demonstrates the potential of open-source GIS software with its extensive plugin capabilities and support for various formats, such as the efficient GeoPackage format. Additionally, the Orfeo Toolbox (OTB) expands the reach to high-resolution satellite image processing, and the QuickMapService plugin in QGIS utilizes databases like OpenStreetMap (OSM) for enhanced geospatial analysis. The chapter presents case studies showcasing the practical use and effectiveness of FOSS4G tools in solving complex geospatial challenges, affirming their maturity and quality. Ultimately, the chapter highlights the importance of FOSS and FOSS4G in democratizing access to quality geospatial tools, enabling professionals to undertake sophisticated projects without licensing costs, with OSGeo’s support ensuring their continual improvement and widespread adoption.