Free fatty acid flux in African‐American and caucasian adults—effect of sex and race

Nielsén, Sören; Sumner, Anne E.; Miller, Bernard V.; Turková, Hana; Klein, Samuel; Jensen, Michael D.

doi:10.1002/oby.20322

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Of note, we did not observe a statistically significant association between the subclasses of lipoproteins and the rs58542926 variant in African Americans. This might be due to the fact that African Americans tend to accumulate lower amounts of lipids in the liver, probably owing to a lower lipolysis from adipose tissue . Therefore, the effect of the rs58542926 SNP on lipoprotein accumulation in the hepatocytes is probably less marked in this ethnic group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of TM6SF2 rs58542926 in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic pediatric fatty liver disease: A multiethnic study

et al. 2015

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Objective To assess the association between the single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs58542926 in the transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) gene and fatty liver disease in obese youth. Research and Methods We genotyped the TM6SF2 rs58542926 SNP in a multiethnic cohort of 957 obese children and adolescents (42% Caucasians, 28% African Americans, 30% Hispanics). All underwent an oral glucose tolerance test, a liver panel and a lipid profile. Of them, 454 children underwent a MRI study to assess hepatic fat content (HFF%), 11 children underwent liver biopsy to assess the degree of disease severity. Results The minor allele of the rs58542926 SNP was associated with high HFF% in Caucasians and African Americans (all P<0.05), with high ALT levels in Hispanics (P<0.05) and with a more favorable lipoprotein profile (lower LDL, small dense LDL and very small LDL) in Caucasians and Hispanics (all P<0.05). The liver biopsy showed a higher prevalence of fibrosis (P=0.04) and a higher NAFLD Activity Score (P=0.05) in subjects carrying the minor allele than in those homozygous for the common allele. Moreover, we observed a joint effect among the TM6SF2 rs58542926, the PNPLA3 rs738409 and the GCKR rs1260326 SNPs in determining intrahepatic fat accumulation (P<0.05). Conclusions The rs58542926 SNP in the TM6SF2 gene is associated with pediatric NAFLD, but may confer protection against cardiovascular risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Role of TM6SF2 rs58542926 in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic pediatric fatty liver disease: A multiethnic study

et al. 2015

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“…A second catheter was inserted into a hand vein on the contralateral arm; the hand was heated (55°C) using a thermostatically controlled box to obtain arterialized venous blood samples (21). We used palmitate as the choice for our tracer study as palmitate is one of the most abundant FFAs in the plasma, is thought to be representative of long-chain fatty acid metabolism, is relatively cheap, and is easily examined by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (22), and this tracer has been successfully used in our and other investigators’ studies examining fatty acid metabolism in a variety of disorders (23–25). All tracers came from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories (Andover, MA).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Glucose and Fatty Acid Kinetics and Infant Birth Weight in Obese Women With Type 2 Diabetes

et al. 2016

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The objectives of this study were 1) to describe maternal glucose and lipid kinetics and 2) to examine the relationships with infant birth weight in obese women with pregestational type 2 diabetes during late pregnancy. Using stable isotope tracer methodology and mass spectrometry, maternal glucose and lipid kinetic rates during the basal condition were compared in three groups: lean women without diabetes (Lean, n = 25), obese women without diabetes (OB, n = 26), and obese women with pregestational type 2 diabetes (OB+DM, n = 28; total n = 79). Glucose and lipid kinetics during hyperinsulinemia were also measured in a subset of participants (n = 56). Relationships between maternal glucose and lipid kinetics during both conditions and infant birth weight were examined. Maternal endogenous glucose production (EGP) rate was higher in OB+DM than OB and Lean during hyperinsulinemia. Maternal insulin value at 50% palmitate Ra suppression (IC50) for palmitate suppression with insulinemia was higher in OB+DM than OB and Lean. Maternal EGP per unit insulin and plasma free fatty acid concentration during hyperinsulinemia most strongly predicted infant birth weight. Our findings suggest maternal fatty acid and glucose kinetics are altered during late pregnancy and might suggest a mechanism for higher birth weight in obese women with pregestational diabetes.

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“…Similarly, in vivo studies assessing adipose tissue insulin sensitivity are mainly confined to obese women. They have provided inconsistent results, showing either no difference (26,27,28) or reduced lipolysis (29,30,31) in black compared to white populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the link between insulin sensitivity and ectopic fat in men of Black African and White European ethnicity

Bello

Ladwa

Hakim

et al. 2020

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objectives In men of black west African (BAM) and white European (WEM) ethnicity, we aimed to (1) compare adipose tissue, peripheral and hepatic insulin sensitivity and (2) investigate associations between ectopic fat and insulin sensitivity by ethnicity. Design and methods In overweight BAM (n = 21) and WEM (n = 23) with normal glucose tolerance, we performed a two-step hyperinsulinaemic–euglycaemic clamp with infusion of [6,6 2H2]-glucose and [2H5]-glycerol to measure whole body, peripheral, hepatic and adipose tissue insulin sensitivity (lipolysis). Visceral adipose tissue (VAT), intrahepatic lipids (IHL) and intramyocellular (IMCL) lipids were measured using MRI and spectroscopy. Associations between insulin sensitivity and ectopic fat were assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient by ethnicity and regression analysis. Results There were no ethnic differences in whole body or tissue-specific insulin sensitivity (all P > 0.05). Suppression of lipolysis was inversely associated with VAT and IHL in WEM but not BAM (VAT: WEM r = −0.68, P < 0.01; BAM r = 0.07, P = 0.79. IHL: WEM r = −0.52, P = 0.01; BAM r = −0.12, P = 0.63). IMCL was inversely associated with skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity in WEM but not BAM (WEM r = −0.56, P < 0.01; BAM r = −0.09, P = 0.75) and IHL was inversely associated with hepatic insulin sensitivity in WEM but not BAM (WEM r = −0.53, P = 0.02; BAM r = −0.13, P = 0.62). Conclusions Ectopic fat deposition may play a lesser role in reducing insulin sensitivity in men of black African ethnicity and may not be driven by lipolysis. Resistance to storing VAT, IHL and IMCL may enable men of black African ethnicity to maintain comparable insulin sensitivity to white Europeans.

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Free fatty acid flux in African‐American and caucasian adults—effect of sex and race

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Role of TM6SF2 rs58542926 in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic pediatric fatty liver disease: A multiethnic study

Role of TM6SF2 rs58542926 in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic pediatric fatty liver disease: A multiethnic study

Maternal Glucose and Fatty Acid Kinetics and Infant Birth Weight in Obese Women With Type 2 Diabetes

Differences in the link between insulin sensitivity and ectopic fat in men of Black African and White European ethnicity

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