Free and bound chlorophenols in kraft pulp bleaching effluents

Paasiv́irta, Jaakko; Tenhola, Harri; Palm, Helena; Lammi, Reino

doi:10.1016/0045-6535(92)90051-r

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In pulp bleaching, chlorophenolics are present both in free (hexane extractable) and bound (extractable with strong alkali) forms and bound to dissolved organic matter and particles (Paasivirta et al 1992). For example, chlorophenols, guaiacols, and catechols are formed in high quantities (Suntio et al 1988;Koistinen et al 1990), guaiacols and catechols being chemically bound to chlorolignin (Schechter et al 1990).…”

Section: Chlorinated Organic Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities

Hubbe

Metts

Hermosilla

et al. 2016

BioRes

183

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The pulp and paper (P&P) industry worldwide has achieved substantial progress in treating both process water and wastewater, thus limiting the discharge of pollutants to receiving waters. This review covers a variety of wastewater treatment methods, which provide P&P companies with costeffective ways to limit the release of biological or chemical oxygen demand, toxicity, solids, color, and other indicators of pollutant load. Conventional wastewater treatment systems, often comprising primary clarification followed by activated sludge processes, have been widely implemented in the P&P industry. Higher levels of pollutant removal can be achieved by supplementary treatments, which can include anaerobic biological stages, advanced oxidation processes, bioreactors, and membrane filtration technologies. Improvements in the performance of wastewater treatment operations often can be achieved by effective measurement technologies and by strategic addition of agents including coagulants, flocculants, filter aids, and optimized fungal or bacterial cultures. In addition, P&P mills can implement upstream process changes, including dissolved-air-flotation (DAF) systems, filtration save-alls, and kidney-like operations to purify process waters, thus reducing the load of pollutants and the volume of effluent being discharged to end-of-pipe wastewater treatment plants. Keywords: Wastewater treatment; Pulp and paper manufacturing; Advanced oxidation; Membrane technologies; Clarification; Activated sludgeContact information: a: North Carolina State University, Dept. of Forest Biomaterials, Campus Box 8005, Raleigh, NC 29695-8005; b: WestRock Company, Water and Waste Treatment, 600 S 8th St, Fernandina Beach, FL 32034; c: Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, University of Valladolid, Campus Duques de Soria, E-42004 Soria, Spain; d: Complutense University of Madrid, Department of Chemical Engineering, Ingn. Quim, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Ciudad Universitaria s/n,S-N, E-28040 Madrid, Spain; e: Concordia University, Dept. Bldg. Civil & Environm. Engn., 1455 Maisonneuve Blvd, West Montreal, PQ H3G 1M8, Canada; f: University of Jyväskylä, Dept. Chem., Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland; g: Department of Biology, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, CESAM, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; h: Department of Environment and Planning, Center for Environmental and Marine Studies, CESAM, Aveiro & Department of Materials and Ceramics, Institute of Materials, CICECO, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; i: FPInnovations, 570 St. Jean Blvd., Pointe Claire, PQ H9R 3J9, Canada; * Corresponding author: hubbe@ncsu.edu Contents of the Article INTRODUCTIONThe pulp and paper (P&P) industry occupies a challenging position with respect to the natural environment. On the positive side, the industry is based on the usage of renewable, photosynthetic resources. On the other hand, the industry discharges huge quantities of aqueous effluents. Large volumes (up to 70 m 3 ) of wastewater ...

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Section: Chlorinated Organic Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities

Hubbe

Metts

Hermosilla

et al. 2016

BioRes

183

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“…Chlorophenols in pulp bleaching are both in free and bound forms in dissolved organic matter and particles (Paasivirta et al 1992;Palm et al 1995). Chloroguaiacols and cathecols can be biologically methylated to anisoles and veratroles during effluent treatment or later in the environment (Häggblom et al 1988).…”

Section: Chlorophenolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Refractory organic pollutants and toxicity in pulp and paper mill wastewaters

Lindholm‐Lehto

Knuutinen

Ahkola

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

134

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“…Discharge from pulp mills using this process may contain, to a large extent, high-molecular-weight organic matter (chlorolignin), but also low-molecular-weight chlorinated acids, phenols and neutral OCls (Paasivirta et al 1998). Chlorophenolics from both the natural and the industrial processes are bound inside a polymorphic macromolecular matrix, extractable by concentrated alkali (Paasivirta et al 1992). These bound chlorophenolics resist biodegradation and form much of the chlorophenolic store in the environment.…”

Section: Formation Of Chlorinated Organic Substances In Soilmentioning

confidence: 99%

The formation and fate of chlorinated organic substances in temperate and boreal forest soils

Clarke¹,

Fuksová

Gryndler

et al. 2008

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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More work is necessary in order to understand and, if necessary, develop strategies for mitigating the environmental impact of OCls in temperate and boreal forest soils. This includes both intensified research, especially to understand the key processes of formation and degradation of chlorinated compounds, and monitoring of the substances in question in forest ecosystems. It is also important to understand the effect of various forest management techniques on OCls, as management can be used to produce desired effects.

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Free and bound chlorophenols in kraft pulp bleaching effluents

Cited by 25 publications

References 3 publications

Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities

Wastewater Treatment and Reclamation: A Review of Pulp and Paper Industry Practices and Opportunities

Refractory organic pollutants and toxicity in pulp and paper mill wastewaters

The formation and fate of chlorinated organic substances in temperate and boreal forest soils

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