Frankfort horizontal plane is an appropriate three-dimensinal reference in the evaluation of clinical and skeletal cant

Oh, Suseok; Ahn, Jaemyung; Nam, Ki-Uk; Paeng, Jun-Young; Hong, Jin-Pyo

doi:10.5125/jkaoms.2013.39.2.71

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In such cases, an alternative method of determining the facial horizontal plane should be used. [ 5 6 ] In addition, The inter and intra-examiner reliability of this technique is unknown. However, the variability of facial landmark placement has been studied and typically is in the realm of 0–2 mm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computed tomographic analysis of the sagittal orbit-globe relationship

Abramson

Susarla

Kumar

et al. 2017

Ann Maxillofac Surg

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Identifying the normal relationship of the orbital rims to the globes is critical in planning surgical correction of craniofacial deformities affecting the orbit. This article illustrates a technical proof of principle and mathematical basis for a computed tomography-based measurement of the sagittal orbit-globe relationship. The technique does not require subject cooperation and is, therefore, optimal for pediatric craniofacial surgical treatment planning and outcome evaluation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computed tomographic analysis of the sagittal orbit-globe relationship

Abramson

Susarla

Kumar

et al. 2017

Ann Maxillofac Surg

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“…However, Pelo et al did not validate the intraobserver reproducibility and interobserver reliability in the construction of reference planes for 3D cephalometric analysis. Oh et al reported that the right and left FHPs are the most appropriate horizontal reference planes for evaluating an occlusal cant in 3D CT imaging; however, they did not compare the FHP with other commonly used reference planes [ 28 ]. The contributions of our study are in justifying the agreement among various horizontal reference planes and in validating the high reproducibility and reliability of landmark indication ( Table 2 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vinchon et al presented the application of the LSP in patients with unicoronal synostosis [ 26 ]. Oh et al reported that the right or left FHP is an appropriate horizontal reference plane for evaluating an occlusal cant in 3D CT imaging [ 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Validity and Reproducibility Study of Various Landmark-Oriented Reference Planes in 3-Dimensional Computed Tomographic Analysis for Patients Receiving Orthognathic Surgery

et al. 2015

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BackgroundThree-dimensional computed tomographic imaging has become popular in clinical evaluation, treatment planning, surgical simulation, and outcome assessment for maxillofacial intervention. The purposes of this study were to investigate whether there is any correlation among landmark-based horizontal reference planes and to validate the reproducibility and reliability of landmark identification.Materials and MethodsPreoperative and postoperative cone-beam computed tomographic images of patients who had undergone orthognathic surgery were collected. Landmark-oriented reference planes including the Frankfort horizontal plane (FHP) and the lateral semicircular canal plane (LSP) were established. Four FHPs were defined by selecting 3 points from the orbitale, porion, or midpoint of paired points. The LSP passed through both the lateral semicircular canal points and nasion. The distances between the maxillary or mandibular teeth and the reference planes were measured, and the differences between the 2 sides were calculated and compared. The precision in locating the landmarks was evaluated by performing repeated tests, and the intraobserver reproducibility and interobserver reliability were assessed.ResultsA total of 30 patients with facial deformity and malocclusion—10 patients with facial symmetry, 10 patients with facial asymmetry, and 10 patients with cleft lip and palate—were recruited. Comparing the differences among the 5 reference planes showed no statistically significant difference among all patient groups. Regarding intraobserver reproducibility, the mean differences in the 3 coordinates varied from 0 to 0.35 mm, with correlation coefficients between 0.96 and 1.0, showing high correlation between repeated tests. Regarding interobserver reliability, the mean differences among the 3 coordinates varied from 0 to 0.47 mm, with correlation coefficients between 0.88 and 1.0, exhibiting high correlation between the different examiners.ConclusionsThe 5 horizontal reference planes were reliable and comparable for 3D craniomaxillofacial analysis. These reference planes were useful in standardizing the orientation of 3D skull models.

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“…The Frankfurt horizontal plane is formed by drawing a straight horizontal line from the top of the ear canal to the bottom border of the eye along either side of the human skull. This line is called the Frankfurt horizontal line[ 10 ]. The vertical distance was measured from the surface of the mylohyoid muscle to the tongue dorsum (Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tongue thickness in health vs cirrhosis of the liver: Prospective observational study

Tandon

Singh

Singla

et al. 2020

WJGPT

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BACKGROUND Malnutrition affects 40%-90% of patients with cirrhosis of the liver. L3 skeletal muscle index (L3SMI) is presently accepted as the most objective and quantitative measure available for sarcopenia, a surrogate marker of malnutrition. L3SMI application is, however, limited by non-availability of computed tomography scanning in remote areas, cost, need for extensive training, and the risk of exposure to radiation. Therefore, an alternative dependable measure with wider availability is needed. Malnutrition causes sarcopenia not only in skeletal muscles but also in other muscular structures such as the psoas muscle, diaphragm and tongue. We therefore hypothesised that the tongue, being easily accessible for inspection and for measurement of thickness using ultrasonography, may be used to document sarcopenia. AIM To measure and compare tongue thickness in healthy individuals and in patients with cirrhosis of the liver and to study its correlation with conventional prognostic scores for patients with cirrhosis of the liver. METHODS Tongue thickness was measured using ultrasonography. One hundred twenty subjects of either gender aged 18 to 65 years were studied, with 30 subjects in each group. The tongue thickness was compared between groups based on “Child Turcotte Pugh” (CTP) scores. The correlations between measured tongue thickness and “Model for end stage liver disease” (MELD) score and between age and measured tongue thickness were also assessed. RESULTS Mean tongue thickness (mean ± SD) in patients with CTP class A, B and C was 4.39 ± 0.39 cm, 4.19 ± 0.53 cm, and 3.87 ± 0.42, respectively, and was 4.33 ± 0.49 cm in normal healthy individuals. Significant differences were seen in tongue thickness between patients with CTP class C and those with CTP class A and B ( P < 0.05). Patients with CTP class C also had a significantly reduced tongue thickness than normal individuals ( P < 0.05). However, no significant difference was seen in tongue thickness between patients with CTP class A and B and normal individuals. A statistically significant, negative correlation was found between MELD score and tongue thickness ( r = -0.331) ( P < 0.001). No correlation was observed between L3SMI and MELD score ( r = 0.074, P = 0.424). L3SMI (mean ± SD) in healthy subjects was 39.66 ± 6.8 and was 38.26 ± 8.88 in patients with CTP class C, and the difference was not significant. No significant correlation was found between age of the patients and tongue thickness. Intra-class correlation coefficient was used to determine the reliability of the tongue thickness measurements. The intra-class correlation coefficient was 0.984 (95%CI: 0.979-0.989) and was indicative of good reliability. CONCLUSION Tongue thickness measured by ultrasonogr...

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Frankfort horizontal plane is an appropriate three-dimensinal reference in the evaluation of clinical and skeletal cant

Cited by 18 publications

References 22 publications

Computed tomographic analysis of the sagittal orbit-globe relationship

Computed tomographic analysis of the sagittal orbit-globe relationship

Comparative Validity and Reproducibility Study of Various Landmark-Oriented Reference Planes in 3-Dimensional Computed Tomographic Analysis for Patients Receiving Orthognathic Surgery

Tongue thickness in health vs cirrhosis of the liver: Prospective observational study

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