France and the Algerian War: strategy, operations and diplomacy

Alexander, Martin S.; Keiger, John F. V.

doi:10.1080/01402390412331302635

Cited by 27 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…32 These changes in the international arena helped shift the French to the view that the war was doing greater reputational and financial damage to France than it could bring in benefits. 33 Furthermore, Algeria's economic utility to France continued to decline, reflecting changes in the balance of costs and benefits of maintaining colonies after the Second World War. While France was deeply engaged with colonial markets in the postwar period, France's trade surplus with its colonies was offset by ever-increasing flows of French public funds into them.…”

Section: Procedural Reconciliation: France and Algeriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Varieties of international reconciliation: the configuration of interest and reflection after conflict

Suh

Chun

2021

International Relations

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After conflict, states occasionally succeed in reconciling with former adversaries. When they do, they do so in different ways. Some grudgingly sign a treaty to signal the end of a conflict. Others provide for not only reparations and compensations but also economic assistance as material evidence of reconciliation. Yet others offer apologies, official and unofficial, and engage their former adversaries in reflective dialog that transforms their relationship from enmity to amity. Is there a way to systemically organize different ways in which states reconcile? Can different types of reconciliation be identified? If so, what explains the types? We address these questions in this article. Based on our survey of war terminations in the post-World War II period, we identify four different types of reconciliation that former injurious states have made with their victim states – procedural, material, ideational, and substantial. We hypothesize that their choice of a reconciliation type can be explained in terms of a configuration of national interest and national reflection. In this article, we engage in a structured comparative analysis of the cases of reconciliation between France-Algeria, Japan-Korea, Germany-Czechoslovakia/Czech Republic, and Germany-Poland – that we argue closely resemble the four ideal types – and demonstrate that our hypotheses are confirmed. We conclude with a consideration of how likely it is for ideational and material reconciliation to develop into substantial reconciliation

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Section: Procedural Reconciliation: France and Algeriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Varieties of international reconciliation: the configuration of interest and reflection after conflict

Suh

Chun

2021

International Relations

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“…. In Algeria during the 1950s, for example, France employed more than 800 fixed wing aircraft alongside a well-equipped General Reserve of parachutists and mobile Foreign Legion forces to attack enemy concentrations before they could disperse (Alexander and Keiger 2002;Griffin 2010).…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Military Technology and the Duration of Civil Conflict

Caverley

Sechser

2017

International Studies Quarterly

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Why do some civil conflicts end quickly, while others last for years? This paper argues that an incumbent government's military forces play a crucial role in conflict duration. Specifically, "combined arms" militaries-which bring to bear a mixture of mechanized infantry, armor, and aircraft-make short conflicts more likely. The use of mechanized ground forces in combination with airpower increases the likelihood of decisive engagements early in a conflict, helping to mitigate information asymmetries that can drive violence. By contrast, less-mechanized forces have greater difficulty bringing the fight to the enemy. Combined arms militaries therefore tend to bring conflicts to more rapid conclusions. However, like maneuver warfare in conventional interstate conflict, these outcomes are not always favorable for the incumbent governments. To test this argument, we employ new, detailed data on military mechanization and airpower from civil conflicts between 1967 and 2003. The results indicate that national militaries with high combined arms capabilities are associated with significantly shorter conflicts. Perhaps surprisingly, this relationship remains robust even when the analysis is limited to insurgencies.

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“…Manila asserts a 200-nautical mile absolute economic 1 For example, in the Chakaco War of 1932-35, Paraguay annexed a region of Bolivia in the mistaken belief that it contained oil deposits (Hughes, 2005). France was reluctant to lose Algeria in the latter's of independence between 1954-62 partly because of Algeria's oil deposits, but was unable to prevail (Alexander and Keiger, 2002). Similarly, Nigeria was reluctant to lose Biafra in the latter's bid for selfgovernment in 1967-70 in large part owing to the local oil deposits, and was able to thwart Biafra's attempt at secession (Newman, 2004).…”

Section: Wars Fought Over Oil Control In Past Centuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The situation is very explosive to date, caused by the need for oil. 3 This happened when a Philippine warship arrived at Scarborough Shoal in the South China Sea and detained Chinese fishing boats. The Chinese fishermen were accused of illegal fishing activities in Filipino sovereign waters.…”

Section: Wars Fought Over Oil Control In Past Centuriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Oil Industry Conflict: An Apocalyptic End?

Nwankwo¹

2015

EDUCATION

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This study is aimed at analyzing the perennial global conflicts over oil resources. Oil has been branded a curse hence, most countries with the abundance oil natural resources has been faced with violent conflicts, either caused by oil or exacerbated by oil. Therefore, this study is determined to identify the attributes of oil that makes it conflict prone. Most importantly, the article would analyze from history to present day, how oil has contributed to conflict and genocide as well as providing practical examples of countries that have experienced oil warfare agony. After evaluating the impact of oil resources in terms of conflict, this study will provide recommendations on how this conflict can be resolved by the use of permanent measures, such as the provision of energy through other means apart from oil; in order to avoid oil causing a world apocalypse.

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France and the Algerian War: strategy, operations and diplomacy

Cited by 27 publications

References 3 publications

Varieties of international reconciliation: the configuration of interest and reflection after conflict

Varieties of international reconciliation: the configuration of interest and reflection after conflict

Military Technology and the Duration of Civil Conflict

Global Oil Industry Conflict: An Apocalyptic End?

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