The second article in this series on the history of evaluation use has three sections. The first and longest develops a functional definition of the term use, noting that a thorough definition of evaluation use includes the initial stimulus (i.e., evaluation findings or process), the user, the way people use the information, the aspect of the program considered, and the purpose. It then defines evaluation use's unethical companion, misuse, detailing the distinction between the two. The second section briefly discusses a broadened concept of evaluation impact that expands to include evaluation influence. Finally, the third section summarizes the factors that research has shown to be related to evaluation use.
Keywords evaluation use, evaluation misuse, evaluation influence
PrefaceThis article is the second of three tracing the development of the concept of evaluation use from the perspective of two academics who have studied the topic for over 40 years. As a reminder, the first article in the series traced the origins and conceptual grounding of evaluation use. Our focus in this second article is on our views of use/misuse and the multiple perspectives that have influenced them over time. We also discuss the addition of evaluation influence to the conceptual debate and factors that are empirically related to use. The third and final article in the series will address evaluation use theories and research.
Evaluation Use and Misuse DefinedThe first article in this series (Alkin & King, 2016) discussed "evaluation use," but without a formal definition of the term, although it may be partially inferred by the nature of the earlier discussion. In