Framework for performance forecasting and optimization of CMB<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mi>B</mml:mi></mml:math>-mode observations in the presence of astrophysical foregrounds

Errard, Josquin; Stivoli, F.; Stompor, R.

doi:10.1103/physrevd.84.063005

Cited by 29 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Our approach is based on the parametrization of the emission laws for two important astrophysical contaminants, namely dust and synchrotron [44,[47][48][49]. 3 To estimate the impact of performing component separation with a given instrument, we use a parametric maximum-likelihood component-separation approach, as implemented in Ref.…”

Section: Formalismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust forecasts on fundamental physics from the foreground-obscured, gravitationally-lensed CMB polarization

Errard

Feeney

Peiris

et al. 2016

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

178

249

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Abstract. Recent results from the BICEP, Keck Array and Planck Collaborations demonstrate that Galactic foregrounds are an unavoidable obstacle in the search for evidence of inflationary gravitational waves in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization. Beyond the foregrounds, the effect of lensing by intervening large-scale structure further obscures all but the strongest inflationary signals permitted by current data. With a plethora of ongoing and upcoming experiments aiming to measure these signatures, careful and selfconsistent consideration of experiments' foreground-and lensing-removal capabilities is critical in obtaining credible forecasts of their performance. We investigate the capabilities of instruments such as Advanced ACTPol, BICEP3 and Keck Array, CLASS, EBEX10K, PIPER, Simons Array, SPT-3G and SPIDER, and projects as COrE+, LiteBIRD-ext, PIXIE and Stage IV, to clean contamination due to polarized synchrotron and dust from raw multi-frequency data, and remove lensing from the resulting co-added CMB maps (either using iterative CMB-only techniques or through cross-correlation with external data). Incorporating these effects, we present forecasts for the constraining power of these experiments in terms of inflationary physics, the neutrino sector, and dark energy parameters. Made publicly available through an online interface, this tool enables the next generation of CMB experiments to foreground-proof their designs, optimize their frequency coverage to maximize scientific output, and determine where cross-experimental collaboration would be most beneficial. We find that analyzing data from ground, balloon and space instruments in complementary combinations can significantly improve component separation performance, delensing, and cosmological constraints over individual datasets. In particular, we find that a combination of post-2020 ground-and space-based experiments could achieve constraints such as σ(r) ∼ 1.3 × 10 −4 , σ(n t ) ∼ 0.03, σ(n s ) ∼ 1.8 × 10 −3 , σ(α s ) ∼ 1.7 × 10 −3 , σ(M ν ) ∼ 31 meV, σ(w) ∼ 0.09, σ(w 0 ) ∼ 0.25, σ(w a ) ∼ 0.50, σ(N eff ) ∼ 0.024 and σ(Ω k ) ∼ 1.5 × 10 −3 , after component separation and iterative delensing.

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Section: Formalismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust forecasts on fundamental physics from the foreground-obscured, gravitationally-lensed CMB polarization

Errard

Feeney

Peiris

et al. 2016

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

178

249

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“…As we anticipated, we will exploit the publicly available code FGBuster which represents an implementation of parameter fitting in foreground estimation and removal for CMB experiments. We review here very briefly the corresponding formalism used for the computation of the uncertainties after component separation, which is based on the parametric maximum likelihood approach [40,[56][57][58], and is the basis of the FGBuster implementation. In the presence of multi-component emissions contributing to the signal measured on a given sky pixel p, we can write d p = As p + n p , (4.1)…”

Section: Uncertainties From Foreground Cleaningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These uncertainty terms add extra power to the CMB map. We forecast these contributions following [56].…”

Section: Uncertainties From Foreground Cleaningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principal component analysis of the primordial tensor power spectrum

Campeti¹,

Poletti²,

Baccigalupi³

2019

J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys.

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We study how the shape of the spectrum of primordial gravitational waves can be constrained by future experiments looking at the B-mode of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) polarization. We implement a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) including the effects of diffuse foreground residuals, following component separation, in the uncertainty of CMB angular power spectra, and taking into account the gravitational lensing by Large Scale Structure. We perform our study by considering the capabilities of future B-mode CMB experiments such as LiteBIRD, the Simons Observatory (SO) and Stage-IV (CMB-S4), in particular in detecting deviations of the primordial tensor spectrum from the scale-invariant behavior. We find that diffuse foreground residuals impact substantially both the derivation of the PCA basis and the corresponding constraining power, in all cases. In particular, depending on which experimental specifications and which value r of tensor-to-scalar ratio for cosmological perturbations are considered, adding foregrounds residuals can determine an increase as large as a factor ∼ 4 both on the uncertainty on r and on the recovery of the PCA modes. We study the limitations of the methodology, including the effect of physicality priors on the PCA, which we quantify via a Monte Carlo Markov chain (MCMC) analysis of the combined cosmological and PCA power spectrum parameter space. physics of the early universe ArXiv ePrint: 1905.08200 by cosmic reionization, and on the degree angular scale, corresponding to the cosmological horizon at recombination. On smaller scales, they are dominated by the contribution of divergence (E-)modes into CMB polarization leaking into B due to gravitational lensing deflection. Due to the insight into the physics of the very Early Universe that the discovery of the CGB would give, several experiments are operating and others are planned for the next decade. B-mode measurements from gravitational lensing have been achieved by Planck [3], Background Imaging of Cosmic Extragalactic Polarization 2 (BICEP2) [4], POLARBEAR [5], the Atacama Cosmology Telescope [(ACT), see 6] and the South Pole Telescope [(SPT), see 7]. The only detection of degree scale B-modes of primordial origin has been claimed by the BICEP2 experiment [8], but the uncertainty due to possible contamination from diffuse Galactic foregrounds did not allow to confirm the origin of the signal [9]. Over the incoming years, the Simons Array [see 10], the Simons Observatory [hereafter SO, see 11], the Stage-IV network of ground-based observatories [hereafter CMB-S4, see 12], and the Light satellite for the study of B-mode polarization and Inflation from cosmic microwave background Radiation Detection [hereafter LiteBIRD, see 13] will be observing the microwave sky at multiple frequencies in order to control the diffuse foreground emissions, on regions ranging from a few percent fraction to the whole sky, and with increasing sensitivity.In addition to the standard prediction of single-field, slow-roll inflation models, several ...

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“…Foreground cleaning is assumed to be performed by a parametric maximum-likelihood approach (Brandt et al 1994;Eriksen et al 2006;Stompor et al 2009), in which the frequency dependence of each foreground component (which may vary spatially) is estimated from multifrequency observations and then used to construct a cleaned CMB map. The noise and foreground residuals in the resulting CMB map (Errard et al 2011;Errard & Stompor 2012) are propagated through the rest of the forecast (Verde et al 2006), and projected constraints on cosmological parameters are obtained with a power-spectrum-based Fisher formalism.…”

Section: Forecast Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cosmic microwave background science at commercial airline altitudes

Feeney

Gudmundsson

Peiris

et al. 2017

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters

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Obtaining high-sensitivity measurements of degree-scale cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization is the most direct path to detecting primordial gravitational waves. Robustly recovering any primordial signal from the dominant foreground emission will require high-fidelity observations at multiple frequencies, with excellent control of systematics. We explore the potential for a new platform for CMB observations, the Airlander 10 hybrid air vehicle, to perform this task. We show that the Airlander 10 platform, operating at commercial airline altitudes, is well-suited to mapping frequencies above 220 GHz, which are critical for cleaning CMB maps of dust emission. Optimizing the distribution of detectors across frequencies, we forecast the ability of Airlander 10 to clean foregrounds of varying complexity as a function of altitude, demonstrating its complementarity with both existing (Planck ) and ongoing (C-BASS) foreground observations. This novel platform could play a key role in defining our ultimate view of the polarized microwave sky.

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Framework for performance forecasting and optimization of CMBB-mode observations in the presence of astrophysical foregrounds

Cited by 29 publications

References 18 publications

Robust forecasts on fundamental physics from the foreground-obscured, gravitationally-lensed CMB polarization

Robust forecasts on fundamental physics from the foreground-obscured, gravitationally-lensed CMB polarization

Principal component analysis of the primordial tensor power spectrum

Cosmic microwave background science at commercial airline altitudes

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