Framework for enhancing the operational resilience of cyber-manufacturing systems against cyber-attacks

Espinoza-Zelaya, Carlos; Moon, Young Bai

doi:10.1016/j.mfglet.2023.07.004

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 13 publications

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“…At the age of Industry 4.0, organizations are trying to improve their manufacturing efficiency and smart manufacturing technologies; at the same time, new attack vectors are emerging across smart manufacturing facilities (Espinoza Zelaya, 2023). As the technology is progressing, AM CPSs are becoming susceptible and facing more risks and a broad range of attacks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Induced alterations driven compromised structural properties in additively manufactured products

Haghnegahdar,

Joshi,

Yanambaka Venkata

et al. 2024

RPJ

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Purpose Additive manufacturing also known as 3D printing is an evolving advanced manufacturing technology critical for the new era of complex machinery and operating systems. Manufacturing systems are increasingly faced with risk of attacks not only by traditional malicious actors such as hackers and cyber-criminals but also by some competitors and organizations engaged in corporate espionage. This paper aims to elaborate a plausible risk practice of designing and demonstrate a case study for the compromised-based malicious for polymer 3D printing system. Design/methodology/approach This study assumes conditions when a machine was compromised and evaluates the effect of post compromised attack by studying its effects on tensile dog bone specimens as the printed object. The designed algorithm removed predetermined specific number of layers from the tensile samples. The samples were visually identical in terms of external physical dimensions even after removal of the layers. Samples were examined nondestructively for density. Additionally, destructive uniaxial tensile tests were carried out on the modified samples and compared to the unmodified sample as a control for various mechanical properties. It is worth noting that the current approach was adapted for illustrating the impact of cyber altercations on properties of additively produced parts in a quantitative manner. It concurrently pointed towards the vulnerabilities of advanced manufacturing systems and a need for designing robust mitigation/defense mechanism against the cyber altercations. Findings Density, Young’s modulus and maximum strength steadily decreased with an increase in the number of missing layers, whereas a no clear trend was observed in the case of % elongation. Post tensile test observations of the sample cross-sections confirmed the successful removal of the layers from the samples by the designed method. As a result, the current work presented a cyber-attack model and its quantitative implications on the mechanical properties of 3D printed objects. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the original work from the team. It is currently not under consideration for publication in any other avenue. The paper provides quantitative approach of realizing impact of cyber intrusions on deteriorated performance of additively manufactured products. It also enlists important intrusion mechanisms relevant to additive manufacturing.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%