Frame-based forward error correction using content-dependent coding for video streaming applications

Shih, Chi-Huang; Kuo, Chia‐Wei; Chou, Yu-Chen

doi:10.1016/j.comnet.2016.05.016

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…To verify the performance of the proposed scheme, the PFR and peak signal‐to‐noise ratio (PSNR) results were compared with those obtained using 2 other PFR‐based schemes, namely frame‐level FEC and expanding‐window FEC . According to the analytical results given in Section 4.4, the window size of sliding‐window scheme was 2 frames.…”

Section: Performance Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By contrast, expanding‐window FEC takes account of the video coding dependency at the FEC coding stage . In particular, the current video frame and all the preceding frames are used to construct a coding window in such a way that the window continuously expands until the entire GOP is covered . By adopting such an approach, the high‐priority frames are protected by multiple windows.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, a large window size generally results in a higher efficiency. In Shih et al, the authors show that the expanding‐window FEC scheme outperforms the conventional frame‐level method. Based on the same concept as the expanding‐window FEC, sliding‐window FEC employs a fixed window size, but overlaps successive coding windows in accordance with the chronological order of the data .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the use of overlapping FEC windows significantly complicates the computation process. Consequently, the present study estimates the reconstructed video quality using a playable frame rate (PFR) metric, expressed as the number of playable frames at the receiver end divided by the total number of frames transmitted by the sender . In formulating the PFR metric, a frame is considered to be playable if the entire frame is received correctly after FEC recovery and all the frames upon which the current frame depends are also playable.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9][10][11][12] In particular, the current video frame and all the preceding frames are used to construct a coding window in such a way that the window continuously expands until the entire GOP is covered. 12,13 By adopting such an approach, the high-priority frames are protected by multiple windows. Moreover, a large window size generally results in a higher efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Sliding‐window forward error correction using Reed‐Solomon code and unequal error protection for real‐time streaming video

Weng

Shih

Chou

2017

Int J Communication

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SummaryForward error correction (FEC) techniques are widely used to recover packet losses over unreliable networks in real-time video streaming applications.Traditional frame-level FEC encodes 1 video frame in each FEC coding window. By contrast, in the expanding-window FEC scheme, high-priority frames are included in the FEC processing of the following frames, so as to construct a larger coding window. In general, expanding-window FEC improves the recovery performance of FEC, because the high-priority frame can be protected by multiple windows and the use of a larger coding window increases the efficiency. However, the larger window size also increases the complexity of the coding and the memory space requirements. Consequently, expanding-window FEC is limited in terms of practical applications. Sliding-window FEC adopts a fixed window size in order to approximate the performance of the expanding-window FEC method, but with a reduced complexity. Previous studies on sliding-window FEC have generally adopted an equal error protection (EEP) mechanism to simplify the analysis. This paper considers the more practical case of an unequal error protection (UEP) strategy. An analytical model is derived for estimating the playable frame rate (PFR) of the proposed sliding-window FEC scheme with a Reed-Solomon erasure code for real-time non-scalable streaming applications. The analytical model is used to determine the optimal FEC configuration which maximizes the PFR value under given transmission rate constraints. The simulation results show that the proposed sliding-window scheme achieves almost the same performance as the expanding-window scheme, but with a significantly lower computational complexity. KEYWORDSforward error correction, playable frame rate, real-time video streaming, Reed-Solomon code, unequal error protection

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Section: Performance Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%