Fragranced consumer products: Formulation practices, related models, and recommendations to enable wider hydrophilic–lipophilic difference (HLD) application

Abstract

Fragrances in consumer products are essential for appeal and market success. However, creating optimal stable formulas are especially challenging due to the polar nature of many fragrance ingredients. This perspective discusses how fragrances are currently dealt with within the industry, current surfactant and solvent models, and the barriers that today's industrial practice that prevent advancement to modeling and simulation. Recommendations for chemical suppliers, fragrance houses, and formulators are made regarding the implementation of the Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Difference with Net Average Curvature (HLD-NAC) model, which is the most comprehensive model for fragranced aqueous consumer products.