Fragmented sleep relates to hallucinations across perceptual modalities in the general population

Brederoo, Sanne; Boer, J N de; Vries, Jacqueline de; Linszen, Mascha M J; Sommer, Iris

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-87318-4

Cited by 10 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…27 , 28 This sets it apart from AH and VH which were shown not to be more prevalent during waking or falling asleep than at other times during the day or night. 29 In the current study, we did not assess whether the experience of felt presence mostly occurred around sleep onset or waking, but given previous literature this does not seem unlikely. Second, the occurrence of felt presence has been associated with endurance, extreme conditions, and survival.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Social Deafferentation and the Relation Between Loneliness and Hallucinations

Brederoo

Boer

Linszen

et al. 2023

Schizophrenia Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background and Hypothesis The social deafferentation hypothesis (SDA) has been proposed as an explanatory mechanism of hallucinations, based on the theory that social withdrawal triggers the initial phase of schizophrenia. The current study tests the SDA by assessing how loneliness is associated with different types of hallucinations. Under the SDA, increased loneliness is hypothesized to affect the occurrence of hallucinations that carry social meaning, but not of nonsocial hallucinations. Study Design As part of an online survey, 2038 adolescents and young adults from the general population (median age 21 years; 75% female) filled out the Questionnaire for Psychotic Experiences, and the shortened De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. Binomial logistic regression was used to investigate the effects of loneliness severity on past month prevalence of hallucinations, and on the presence of social versus nonsocial hallucinations. Study Results Loneliness increased the prevalence of hallucinations across modalities in the past month. Moreover, stronger degree of loneliness increased the likelihood of hearing voices or laughter, and of hallucinating being touched. Conversely, loneliness decreased the likelihood of experiencing the nonsocial hallucination of a tingling feeling. As expected, loneliness did not increase the prevalence of experiencing nonsocial hallucinations. Surprisingly, neither was loneliness associated with experiencing felt presence. Conclusions Our results are novel in showing that loneliness specifically increases the likelihood of hearing human sounds such as voices or laughter, or feeling a human touch. Hallucinations without social meaning were not more likely to be experienced with increasing loneliness. This forms a confirmation of the SDA.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Social Deafferentation and the Relation Between Loneliness and Hallucinations

Brederoo

Boer

Linszen

et al. 2023

Schizophrenia Bulletin

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Lack of sleep might be another contributing factor. 56 This multifactorial pathogenesis of psychosis might explain the relatively small effect sizes of ChEI as monotherapy in treating psychosis.…”

Section: Effect Sizesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cholinesterase Inhibitors for Treatment of Psychotic Symptoms in Alzheimer Disease and Parkinson Disease

et al. 2023

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ImportancePsychotic symptoms greatly increase the burden of disease for people with neurodegenerative disorders and their caregivers. Cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) may be effective treatment for psychotic symptoms in these disorders. Previous trials only evaluated neuropsychiatric symptoms as a secondary and an overall outcome, potentially blurring the outcomes noted with ChEI use specifically for psychotic symptoms.ObjectiveTo quantitatively assess the use of ChEIs for treatment of individual neuropsychiatric symptoms, specifically hallucinations and delusions, in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson disease (PD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB).Data SourcesA systematic search was performed in PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, and PsychInfo, without year restrictions. Additional eligible studies were retrieved from reference lists. The final search cutoff date was April 21, 2022.Study SelectionStudies were selected if they presented the results of placebo-controlled randomized clinical trials, including at least 1 donepezil, rivastigmine, or galantamine treatment arm in patients with AD, PD, or DLB; if they applied at least 1 neuropsychiatric measure including hallucinations and/or delusions; and if a full-text version of the study was available in the English language. Study selection was performed and checked by multiple reviewers.Data Extraction and SynthesisOriginal research data were requested on eligible studies. A 2-stage meta-analysis was then performed, using random-effects models. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines were followed for extracting data and assessing the data quality and validity. Data extraction was checked by a second reviewer.Main Outcomes and MeasuresPrimary outcomes were hallucinations and delusions; secondary outcomes included all other individual neuropsychiatric subdomains as well as the total neuropsychiatric score.ResultsIn total, 34 eligible randomized clinical trials were selected. Individual participant data on 6649 individuals (3830 [62.6%] women; mean [SD] age, 75.0 [8.2] years) were obtained from 17 trials (AD: n = 12; PD: n = 5; individual participant data were not available for DLB). An association with ChEI treatment was shown in the AD subgroup for delusions (−0.08; 95% CI, −0.14 to −0.03; P = .006) and hallucinations (−0.09; 95% CI, −0.14 to −0.04; P = .003) and in the PD subgroup for delusions (−0.14; 95% CI, −0.26 to −0.01; P = .04) and hallucinations (−0.08, 95% CI −0.13 to −0.03; P = .01).Conclusions and RelevanceThe results of this individual participant data meta-analysis suggest that ChEI treatment improves psychotic symptoms in patients with AD and PD with small effect sizes.

show abstract

“…2005; Adams et al, 2004;Mitteroecker, 2009). At the same time, modularity and community detection are fundamental problems of the modern networks theory (Freeman, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In those studies, one of the crucial questions concerns the statistical support of the obtained structure (Shimodaira, 2004). We take a closer look at one of the network community detection methods known as Newman's spectral, or the leading eigenvector, algorithm: even though this algorithm has already been applied in various studies (Brederoo et al, 2021;Xu et al, 2021;Labatut & Balasque, 2012;Xia et al, 2013;Hagmann et al, 2008) to the best of the authors knowledge, no comprehensive analysis has been conducted yet. Therefore, we include a brief overview of the algorithm and its comparison to some other widely used community detection algorithms on synthetic benchmarks as well as a real-world networks collection.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various types of networks, such as ecological, phylogenetic, neurological, metabolic or molecular interaction networks arise in studies on different levels (Barabasi et al, 2011;da Fontura Costa et al, 2008;Newman, 2003). Network theory methods have given rise to some state-of-the-art research approaches such as anatomical networks analysis (AnNA) (Esteve-Altava et al, 2015;Diogo et al, 2021;Ostachuk, 2019), and have also become valuable addition to some of the traditional methods, including morphological studies of integration and modularity. In those studies, one of the crucial questions concerns the statistical support of the obtained structure (Shimodaira, 2004).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Using bootstrap procedures for testing the modular partition inferred via leading eigenvector community detection algorithm

Dzeverin

Vertsimakha

2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Modularity and modular structures can be recognized at various levels of biological organization and in various domains of studies. Recently, algorithms based on network analysis came into focus. And while such a framework is a powerful tool in studying modular structure, those methods usually pose a problem of assessing statistical support for the obtained modular structures. One of the widely applied methods is the leading eigenvector, or Newman's spectral community detection algorithm. We conduct a brief overview of the method, including a comparison with some other community detection algorithms and explore a possible fine-tuning procedure. Finally, we propose an adapted bootstrap-based procedure based on Shimodaira's multiscale bootstrap algorithm to derive approximately unbiased p-values for the module partitions of observations datasets. The proposed procedure also gives a lot of freedom to the researcher in constructing the network construction from the raw numeric data, and can be applied to various types of data and used in diverse problems concerning modular structure. We provide an R language code for all the calculations and the visualization of the obtained results for the researchers interested in using the procedure.

show abstract

Fragmented sleep relates to hallucinations across perceptual modalities in the general population

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

Social Deafferentation and the Relation Between Loneliness and Hallucinations

Social Deafferentation and the Relation Between Loneliness and Hallucinations

Cholinesterase Inhibitors for Treatment of Psychotic Symptoms in Alzheimer Disease and Parkinson Disease

Using bootstrap procedures for testing the modular partition inferred via leading eigenvector community detection algorithm

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About