Fragmentation of Lignin from Organosolv Black Liquor by White Rot Fungi

Abstract

The mycelial growth ability of 13 white rot fungi were separately evaluated in kraft, organosolv, and soda black liquor agar-plates. The fungus able to best grow and decolorize black liquor agar-plates was grown in organosolv black liquor to investigate whether it reduced organosolv lignin molar mass. The fungus Bjerkandera adusta showed fair mycelial growth and decolorization ability in 10% black liquor-agar plates. To obtain low-molecular weight (MW) lignin, B. adusta was cultivated in 150-mL Erlenmeyer flasks containing 10% black liquor and maintained in a shaking culture for 15 days. Lignin was recovered from each Erlenmeyer flask by acid precipitation and was analysed by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The lowest MW of lignin from black liquor was observed on the 11 th and 12 th days, at 1461 and 1790 kDa, respectively, with the polydispersity close to 1.0, indicating that the molecules were similar in size. Fourier transform infrared spectra bands showed modification of the lignin structure during 9 days, with new bands appearing after five days of lignin biodegradation.

Deterioration of Wood Plastics Composites by the White-Rot Fungus Pycnoporus sanguineus

“…The biodegradation capacity of Pycnoporus sanguineus has been studied on various highly permanent lignocellulosic substrates, such as Eucalyptus spp. wood and stumps [42,43] and phenolic compounds, like phenols and bisphenols [44]. However, there are several species of fungi or strains (same species but collected from different geographic areas) that can potentially be applied to biodeterioration and biodegradation assays.…”

Microbial diversity in various types of paper mill sludge: identification of enzyme activities with potential industrial applications

“…This may be due to both compositional and environmental differences among these sludges. In fact, the former contains organic matter such as cellulose, lignin and wood extracts (Negrão et al 2015 ; Oyadomari et al 2003 ) which make this sludge an optimal niche for ligninolytic enzymes producing bacteria. Paenibacillus strains have previously been identified in paper mill samples; however unlike strains PS12, PS4, and IIS2, no enzymatic activity profiles were reported before (Kämpfer et al 2012 ; Oliveira et al 2009 ; Woo et al 2014 ).…”

“…In this experiment, three different Kraft pulping liquors (black, green and white), obtained from an Eastern Canadian paper mill were used. Colonies isolated from the same paper mill as described above were patched onto minimal media (Mm) agar plates (0.1 % NaNO 3 , 0.1 % K 2 HPO 4 , 0.05 % MgSO 4 , 0.1 % KCl, 0.05 % yeast extract and 1.5 % Bacto agar) supplemented with 5 % of each liquor (Negrão et al 2015 ). All the tests were done at pH 12.0, the closest to real pH of pulping liquors, and incubated at 37 °C.…”

Development of high bio‐content polypropylene composites with different industrial lignins

“…Moreover, a huge amount of lignin generation is projected from the cellulosic bioethanol industry in Brazil and United States . Only 1% of the generated lignin is being used for value‐added applications while the rest is mainly burnt in a recovery boiler to produce energy . Lignin is a complex and amorphous polyphenolic molecule with high density of functional groups, making it potentially promising for materials applications .…”

“…[3][4][5][6] Only 1% of the generated lignin is being used for valueadded applications while the rest is mainly burnt in a recovery boiler to produce energy. 7,8 Lignin is a complex and amorphous polyphenolic molecule with high density of functional groups, making it potentially promising for materials applications. 9,10 Recently, renewable alternatives to traditional petroleum-derived plastics have motivated recent interest in bio-based composite materials which can contribute to the reduction of the environmental footprint.…”