Fragment Flow in Nuclear Collisions

Doss, K.G.R.; Gustafsson, H. Å.; Gutbrod, H.H.; Harris, James W.; Jacak, B. V.; Kampert, K.‐H.; Kolb, B. W.; Poskanzer, A. M.; Ritter, H. G.; Schmidt, H. R.; Teitelbaum, L.; Tincknell, M.; Weiss, S.; Wieman, H.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.59.2720

Cited by 147 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Following the approach of Kampert [23] and Doss et al [26], we studied the dimensionless quantity p, / I p , . Figure 12(a) shows the strong correlation of hydrodynamic flow which is preserved by heavier fragments.…”

Section: E Azimuthal Angular Correlationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscosity and the equation of state in high energy heavy-ion reactions

et al. 1993

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Viscous hydrodynamic calculations of high energy heavy-ion collisions (Nb-Nb and Au-Au) from 200 to 800 MeV/nucleon are presented. The resulting baryon rapidity distributions, the in-plane transverse momentum transfer ibounce-om, and the azimuthal dependence of the midrapidity particles ioff-plane squeeze out) compare well with Plastic Ball data. We find that the considered observables are sensitive both to the nuclear equation of state and to the nuclear shear viscosity 7. Transverse momentum distributions indicate a high shear viscosity ( 7~6 0 ~e~/ f m * c ) in the compression zoiie, in agreement with nuclear matter estimates. The bulk viscosity 6 influences only the entropy production during the expansion Stage; collective observables like flow and dN/dY do not depend strongly on 6. The recentlg observed off-plane (4=90") squeeze-out, which is found in the triple-differential rapidity distribution, exhibits the strongest sensitivity to the nuclear equation of state. It is demonstrated that for very central collisions, b= 1 fm, the squeeze-out is visible even in the double-differential cross section. This is experimentally accessible by studying azimuthally symmetric events, as confirmed recently by data of the European 4a detector collaboration at Gesellchaft für Schwerionforschung Darmstadt.PACS number(s1: 25.75. + r

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Section: E Azimuthal Angular Correlationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscosity and the equation of state in high energy heavy-ion reactions

et al. 1993

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“…It should be emphasized that the midrapidity data were not included in the Gaussian fit. The shape of the distribution appears different than that observed in heavy-ion collisions at lower beam momenta [ 18,19], where the flow strength increases from zero at midrapidity linearly to the peaks at target and projectile rapidity. In 158 AGeV Pb + Pb collisions however, the peaks are Gaussian and only the tails extend to midrapidity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…In this case the ratio of the relative width and the gap between the Gaussian peaks would be smaller so that a linear behaviour is found at midrapidity. This suspicion was confirmed by a good agreement with a Gaussian fit for the proton data from 200 AMeV Au + Au collisions provided by the Plastic Ball collaboration [ 18]. Hence for a complete description of the rapidity distribution of the collective flow F the formerly used slope at midrapidity (dF/dy| y=0 ) is not sufficient.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 71%

Directed and Elliptic Flow in 158AGeV Pb+Pb Collisions

SCHLAGHECK¹

1999

Nuclear Physics A

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Directed and elliptic flow of protons and positively charged pions has been studied in the target fragmentation region using the Plastic Ball detector in the WA98 experiment. The results exhibit a strong dependence on centrality, rapidity, and transverse momentum. The rapidity dependence can be described by a Gaussian distribution. The model comparisons reveal a large discrepancy of the flow strength obtained from the data and the simulations.

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“…Thus, a meaningful comparison between experimental flow observables and those predicted by the theory should be made on the basis of coalescence invariant quantities including the contributions of all emitted particles. This requires in particular the inclusion of intermediate mass fragments (IMF, Z ≥ 3) which are known to carry larger amount of flow than do lighter particles [29][30][31][32] and which constitutes a non negligeable fraction of the total mass of the system even at incident energies of a few hundred A MeV [26,[32][33][34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%