Fragile Video Watermarking Technique by Motion Field Embedding with Rate-Distortion Minimization

Abstract

In this paper, we proposed a fragile video

A Hybrid Novel Approach of Video Watermarking

“…Table 2, shows the maximum and minimum bit error rate [1]. This proposed technique compared to [21][22][23] and [6] techniques is more efficient and robust. …”

A novel watermarking scheme for H.264/AVC video authentication

“…This method has two problems: the rareness of the IPCM macroblocks during the encoding and the low efficiency of the IPCM mode in terms of compression. In [11], a fragile video watermarking scheme to authenticate the H.264 video content is presented. Watermark information is embedded in motion vector by exploiting its fragile nature.…”

“…These proposed digital watermarking techniques [6][7][8][9][10][11] for authentication are sensitive to any modification so that they are designed to verify whether video data are authentic or not. However, due to its high sensitivity to modifications, it is difficult to distinguish malicious tampering from some common processing, which does not change the semantic meaning of video data.…”

An improved hybrid video watermarking scheme

“…Lu et al [3]proposed a blind watermarking algorithm based on H.264,whose robustness is not strong enough;A watermark algorithm embed watermark in non-zero AC coefficients of P-frame [4]; A video watermarking algorithm proposed by Liu Quan et al [5] and another algorithm proposed by KUO Tien-ying et al [6]embed watermark in the motion vector,which dosen't consider the Lagrangian cost and can't achieve the function of copyright protection and integrity certification.…”

“…are the second category.So we can embed the watermarks in the motion vectors according to their Category like map(6).…”