Fracturing technology with carbon dioxide: A review

Li, Nianyin; Yu, Jiajie; Wang, Chao; Zhang, Suiwang; Xiangke, Liu; Kang, Jia; Yuan, Wang; Yinhong, Dai

doi:10.1016/j.petrol.2021.108793

Cited by 32 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The resulting fracture network is more complex as compared to water-based fracturing fluids (Figures 19 and 20). 77,123,132,133 In general, different formations and production targets require different types of fracturing fluids. The optimization of fracturing fluid formulations is achieved through laboratory testing and numerical simulations, to achieve the best conditions for controlling and expanding fractures.…”

Section: Fracturing Fluid Type Different Fracturing Fluids Have Disti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Main Control Factors of Fracture Propagation in Reservoir: A Review

Liu,

Han,

Yang

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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The fracture distribution and internal control factors after the fracturing of unconventional oil and gas reservoirs determine the reservoir reforming effect to a large extent. Based on the research of global scholars on the influencing factors of fracture propagation, comprehensive theoretical model, and numerical simulation, this Review systematically discusses the influence of internal geological factors and external engineering factors of unconventional oil and gas reservoir on fracture propagation behavior and summarizes the current problems and development trends in fracture research. The results show the following: (1) The fracture propagation is a comprehensive process constrained by lithology and mineral composition, water saturation, nonhomogeneity, natural weak surface, and ground stress. (2) External engineering factors have a meaningful control effect on fracture propagation; the type and temperature of fracturing fluids can also change the mechanical properties of different rocks, thus affecting the fracture propagation pattern. (3) The existing fracture propagation models have certain limitations, and their computational reliability still needs to be further verified. (4) Numerical simulation can break through the limitations of physical simulation, but different simulation methods have different shortcomings and applicability. In the future, we should focus on: (1) finding parameters to quantitatively characterize heterogeneity at the 3D level, which is an important direction to study the effect of heterogeneity on fracture propagation; (2) introducing computerized methods to establish a geological model that considers multiple factors and combining it with numerical simulation software to study fracture propagation; (3) considering the characteristics of fluid–liquid–solid phase comprehensively, establishing a suitable THL coupling equation; (4) how the interaction mode of fracturing fracture is combined with the natural fracture geometry, and how the fracture is affected by fracturing engineering parameters such as fluid injection rate and viscosity of fracturing fluid; and (5) geology-engineering dynamic integration, which is an important direction to be carried out in the future.

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Section: Fracturing Fluid Type Different Fracturing Fluids Have Disti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Main Control Factors of Fracture Propagation in Reservoir: A Review

Liu,

Han,

Yang

et al. 2023

ACS Omega

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“…Global warming and insufficient energy supply have aroused interest in enhanced oil recovery (EOR) with CO 2 and CO 2 capture, utilization and storage (CCUS). − Injection of CO 2 into oil reservoirs known as CO 2 -enhanced oil recovery (EOR) can not only help to store the CO 2 but also improve the recovery of crude oil. − Hence, this process is considered to be the most cost-effective CCUS technique and has been widely used in the development of oilfields. , In CO 2 injection EOR projects, CO 2 diffuses into the formation and helps improve oil recovery by reducing the crude oil viscosity, supplementing the formation energy, swelling oil volume, and reducing the interfacial tension. , Studies have shown that the in situ mass transfer between CO 2 and heavy oil under reservoir conditions is dominated by molecular diffusion and dispersion. , The magnitude of molecular-diffusion coefficients affects the time for the heavy oil to achieve desirable viscosity reduction and swelling effect, thus influencing the oil-production response. , Therefore, the determination of CO 2 diffusion coefficient has extremely important guidance on CO 2 -EOR risk assessment, engineering design, and economic evaluation. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical Simulation of CO₂ Diffusion in a Multiliquid-Phase System Using Moving Mesh Technology

Chen

Liu

et al. 2023

Energy Fuels

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CO2 diffusion plays an important role in many CO2 injection techniques. But CO2 diffusion in multiliquid-phase systems has not been thoroughly investigated. Here multiliquid-phase system refers to the liquid system coexisting water, light oil, and heavy oil phases. This study investigates the CO2 concentration and the induced oil expansions when CO2 diffuses in a multiliquid-phase system. First, the mathematical model is developed based on the location of the CO2 diffusion front in the multiliquid-phase system. Second, the corresponding numerical model is established for different diffusion stages. To accurately describe the swelling of two oils, we employ the moving mesh technology to monitor the movement of two interfaces. Finally, CO2 concentration profiles, the induced oil swelling, and the movement of the CO2 front are studied by coding the developed numerical model. The results demonstrate that the CO2 concentration distribution and the induced oil swelling exhibit different performances in various phases at different diffusion stages. So it is necessary to divide the diffusion stage when studying the CO2 diffusion in a multiliquid-system. CO2 diffusion results in 19.52% and 17.21% expansion for light and heavy oil, respectively.

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“…Companies and researchers have been working hard to identify nonaqueous working fluids that offer an opportunity to enhance production, reduce water usage, and lessen environmental effects. − Moreover, studies have shown that Sc-CO 2 is a more efficient nonaqueous working fluid than water in extracting gas from shale gas reservoirs. − This can be explained by the unique physical and chemical properties of Sc-CO 2 . − In comparison to water-based fracturing fluids, Sc-CO 2 avoids huge flowback wastewater disposal and formation damage because of its water sensitivity, resulting in environmentally friendly performance. , Supercritical carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) exhibits properties that lie between those of a gas and a liquid, when it is under pressures and temperatures greater than 7.38 MPa and 31.1 °C, respectively. ,,− In laboratory experiments, researchers found that CO 2 in its supercritical state has strong rock-breaking capacity and can infiltrate any space larger than its kinetic diameter (0.330 nm) due to its strong permeability, low viscosity, and extremely low surface tension like gas. It can fracture rock at lower fracturing pressure and form multiple highly complex fracture networks, which enhance oil and gas recovery by displacing remaining hydrocarbon and create a great potential for CO 2 geo-storage. ,,,,,− …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Utilization for Hydraulic Fracturing of Shale Reservoir, and Geo-Storage: A Review

Gupta,

Verma

2023

Energy Fuels

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Hydraulic fracturing has completely revolutionized how shale resources are exploited to extracthydrocarbons. However, sustainability and environmental issues have fueled the desire for alternate fracturing technologies. Supercritical carbon dioxide (Sc-CO2) fracturing is a new method that uses high-pressure, high-temperature CO2 in its supercritical state (7.38 MPa and 31.1 °C) to generate fractures in shale formations, thereby increasing reservoir permeability. This Review thoroughly analyzes the effects of Sc-CO2 on shale reservoirs during the fracturing process, including the factors that affect fracture breakdown pressure and the complexity and roughness of fracture induced by Sc-CO2. Sc-CO2 can fracture rock at a fracturing pressure lower than that of slick water. CO2, in its supercritical state, shows strong permeability, low viscosity, and extremely low surface tension, like gas, because of which it can infiltrate any space larger than its kinetic diameter (0.330 nm). Many research investigations illustrate how Sc-CO2 affects shales with diverse pore structures, mineral compositions, and mechanical properties when exposed to Sc-CO2 for several hours to days. It is challenging to effectively store CO2 in shale gas reservoirs due to their low permeability and limited storage capacity. To improve the effectiveness of CO2 storage, shale can be fractured to increase the pore space and surface area in reservoirs. Thereby, a certain amount of the CO2 pumped for shale gas production can be securely stored in shale formations, reducing carbon emissions and allowing for a zero-carbon footprint. This paper discusses the pathway and different chemical reactions involved in the storage of CO2 after fracturing over a period. However, fully understanding the interactions between Sc-CO2 and shale rock and the possibility of long-term storage of CO2 in shale formations is quite challenging. It is because of a lack of research and limited knowledge in the above field. Hence, more investigation and development are required in the research area of Sc-CO2 fracturing and the interaction of CO2 with shale rock.

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Fracturing technology with carbon dioxide: A review

Cited by 32 publications

References 50 publications

Main Control Factors of Fracture Propagation in Reservoir: A Review

Main Control Factors of Fracture Propagation in Reservoir: A Review

Numerical Simulation of CO₂ Diffusion in a Multiliquid-Phase System Using Moving Mesh Technology

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Utilization for Hydraulic Fracturing of Shale Reservoir, and Geo-Storage: A Review

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Fracturing technology with carbon dioxide: A review

Cited by 32 publications

References 50 publications

Main Control Factors of Fracture Propagation in Reservoir: A Review

Main Control Factors of Fracture Propagation in Reservoir: A Review

Numerical Simulation of CO2 Diffusion in a Multiliquid-Phase System Using Moving Mesh Technology

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Utilization for Hydraulic Fracturing of Shale Reservoir, and Geo-Storage: A Review

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Numerical Simulation of CO₂ Diffusion in a Multiliquid-Phase System Using Moving Mesh Technology