Fracturing of simulated high-level waste glass in canisters

Peters, Richard D.; Slate, S.C.

doi:10.1016/0029-5493(82)90071-1

Cited by 26 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Comparatively, the glass is assumed to have an average 500 times larger radius. This is consistent with the expected sparse degree of glass fracturing in the waste package based on prior experience with high-level waste glasses (Farnsworth et al 1985;Peters and Slate 1981). Fracturing is expected to increase the glass surface area a maximum of 10X over its geometric surface area.…”

Section: Unsaturated Flow and Transport Input Lithographic Unitssupporting

confidence: 71%

Waste Form Release Calculations for the 2001 Immobilized Low-Activity Waste Performance Assessment

Bacon¹,

McGrail²

2001

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SummaryA set of reactive chemical transport calculations was conducted with the Subsurface Transport Over Reactive Multiphases (STORM) code to evaluate the long-term performance of a representative lowactivity waste glass in a shallow subsurface disposal system located on the Hanford Site. Onedimensional simulations were conducted out to times in excess of 20,000 yr. A two-dimensional simulation was run to 2,000 yr. The maximum normalized Tc release rate from a trench-type conceptual design under a constant recharge rate of 4.2 mm/yr is 0.93 ppm/yr. Factors that were found to significantly impact the predicted release rate were water recharge rate, chemical affinity control of glass dissolution rate, diffusion coefficient, and disposal system design (trench versus a concrete-lined vault). In contrast, corrosion of the steel pour canister surrounding the glass waste and incorporation of a chemical conditioning layer of silica sand at the top of the trench had little impact on Tc release rate. However, because of large inventory of Cr associated with the 304L steel containers and assumed short release time (1000 yr) relative to the glass, a four orders of magnitude higher release rate of Cr(VI) was predicted relative to the ILAW glass alone.v

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Section: Unsaturated Flow and Transport Input Lithographic Unitssupporting

confidence: 71%

Waste Form Release Calculations for the 2001 Immobilized Low-Activity Waste Performance Assessment

Bacon¹,

McGrail²

2001

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“…The surface area assumed for the glass is consistent with the expected sparse degree of glass fracturing in the waste package based on prior experience with high-level waste glasses (Peters and Slate 1981;Farnsworth et al 1985). Fracturing is expected to increase the glass surface area no more than 10 times its geometric surface area.…”

Section: Lithographic Unitssupporting

confidence: 64%

Corrosion of Metal Inclusions In Bulk Vitrification Waste Packages

Bacon¹,

Pierce²,

Wellman³

et al. 2006

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SummaryThe primary purpose of the work reported here is to analyze the potential effect of the release of technetium (Tc) from metal inclusions in bulk vitrification (BV) waste packages once they are placed in the Integrated Disposal Facility (IDF). As part of the strategy for immobilizing waste from the underground tanks at Hanford, selected wastes will be immobilized using BV. During analyses of the glass produced in engineering-scale tests, metal inclusions were found in the glass product. This report contains the results from experiments designed to quantify the corrosion rates of metal inclusions found in the glass product from Test ES-32B (AMEC 2005) and simulations designed to compare the rate of Tc release from the metal inclusions to the release of Tc from glass produced with the BV process. Due to the probability of oxidizing conditions surrounding the waste packages in the IDF, in the simulations the Tc in the metal inclusions and the glass is conservatively assumed to be released congruently as soluble TcO 4 -. The experimental results and modeling calculations (Bacon and McGrail 2005) show that the metal corrosion rate will, under all conceivable conditions at the IDF, be dominated by the presence of the passivating layer and corrosion products on the metal particles. As a result, the release of Tc from the metal particles at the surfaces of fractures in the glass releases at a rate similar to the Tc present as a soluble salt (McGrail et al. 2003;Pierce et al. 2005). The release of the remaining Tc in the metal is controlled by the dissolution of the glass matrix.The dissolution kinetics of iron [Fe(0)] was quantified under conditions of constant dissolved O 2 [O 2 (aq)] and in solutions that minimized the formation of a passive film on the metal surface. These tests were performed to determine the forward reaction rate for the metal inclusions in the BV glass. Single-pass flow through (SPFT) tests were conducted over the pH(23°C) range from 7.0 to 12.0 and temperature range from 23°C to 90°C. The presence of EDTA minimized the formation of a passive film and Fe-bearing secondary phase(s) during testing allowing us to determine the forward dissolution rate. These results indicate that the corrosion of Fe(0) is relatively insensitive to pH and temperature and the forward rate is 3 to 4 orders of magnitude higher than when a passive film and corrosion products are present. Tests conducted with Amasteel (a low carbon steel non-radioactive surrogate) and ES-32B metal indicated that the forward dissolution rates for both metals were similar, if not identical. In other words, the presence of P and 99 Tc in the ES-32B metal appeared to have little effect on the forward dissolution rate. These results indicate that the corrosion rate of the ES-32B metal at repository relevant conditions was not significantly less than the surrogate metal. Because the effects of temperature (E a = 15 ±5 kJ/mol at pH(23°C) = 9.0 based on Fe release from ES-32B metal) and solution pH (η = -0.13 ±0.02 at 70°C based on Fe releas...

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“…1). But during the cooling of the package, the glass becomes cracked as mechanical stresses are released [5]. Most of the cracks in the glass package are radial and concentric (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%