Fracture Risk Assessment

Cozadd, Andrew J; Schroder, Lisa K.; Switzer, Julie A.

doi:10.2106/jbjs.20.01071

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…FRAX is currently incorporated in 80 guidelines globally [42]. One important difference to other fracture risk tools, such as the Garvan Fracture Risk Calculator [43] and Qfracture [44], is that FRAX (using a Poisson regression) takes into account the probability of death [22,27]. In FRAX, some of the clinical risk factors for hip fracture and MOF are also risk factors for death, increasing age, low BMI, low BMD, smoking, and oral glucocorticoid use, and are therefore entered in the death hazard function [45,46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Improved fracture risk prediction by adding VFA-identified vertebral fracture data to BMD by DXA and clinical risk factors used in FRAX

Johansson

Axelsson

et al. 2022

Osteoporos Int

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Vertebral fracture (VF) is a strong predictor of subsequent fracture. In this study of older women, VF, identified by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) vertebral fracture assessment (VFA), were associated with an increased risk of incident fractures and had a substantial impact on fracture probability, supporting the utility of VFA in clinical practice. Purpose Clinical and occult VF can be identified using VFA with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The aim of this study was to investigate to what extent VFA-identified VF improve fracture risk prediction, independently of bone mineral density (BMD) and clinical risk factors used in FRAX. Methods A total of 2852 women, 75-80 years old, from the prospective population-based study SUPERB cohort, were included in this study. At baseline, BMD was measured by DXA, VF diagnosed by VFA, and questionnaires used to collect data on risk factors for fractures. Incident fractures were captured by X-ray records or by diagnosis codes. An extension of Poisson regression was used to estimate the association between VFA-identified VF and the risk of fracture and the 5-and 10-year probability of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) was calculated from the hazard functions for fracture and death. Results During a median follow-up of 5.15 years (IQR 4.3-5.9 years), the number of women who died or suffered a MOF, clinical VF, or hip fracture was 229, 422, 160, and 124, respectively. A VFA-identified VF was associated with an increased risk of incident MOF (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.78; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.46-2.18), clinical VF (HR = 2.88; 95% [CI] 2.11-3.93), and hip fracture (HR = 1.67; 95% [CI] 1.15-2.42), adjusted for age, height, and weight. For women at age 75 years, a VFA-identified VF was associated with 1.2-1.4-fold greater 10-year MOF probability compared with not taking VFA into account, depending on BMD. Conclusion Identifying an occult VF using VFA has a substantial impact on fracture probability, indicating that VFA is an efficient method to improve fracture prediction in older women. KeywordsClinical risk factors and bone mineral density • Fracture risk • Older women • Vertebral fracture • Vertebral fracture assessment * M. Lorentzon

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous fractures at different skeletal sites have different importance for subsequent fractures. VF (moderate and severe) are much stronger predictors compared to, for example, distal forearm fractures with recent data suggesting that adjustments for fracture site could be accommodated within fracture risk algorithms [26][27][28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved fracture risk prediction by adding VFA-identified vertebral fracture data to BMD by DXA and clinical risk factors used in FRAX

Johansson

Axelsson

et al. 2022

Osteoporos Int

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“…On the other hand, the high cost of operating a fluidized reactor compared to a fixed bed makes these reactors unfeasible in many industries. , Fluidized bed reactors are currently used almost exclusively for the FCC and for the Fischer–Tropsch processes …”

Section: Influence Of the Shape Of Technical Catalysts On The Perform...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Elements of the Manufacture and Properties of Technical Catalysts

García-Sánchez

Medrano

2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Despite the humongous volume of literature aiming to present the synthesis of innovative, more selective, stable, and active solid catalysts, the catalysts that come to be used at the industrial level, known as technical catalysts, are scarcely studied and poorly understood starting from the fact that most of the information on their manufacturing remains as an industrial secret. Therefore, many knowledge gaps and uncertainties in the techniques suitable to transform catalytic powders into technical catalysts lie ahead of those researchers who decide to engage in the development and study of applied catalysis. Therefore, this review seeks to provide guidance on the process for manufacturing technical catalysts from catalytic powders while also providing insight into the targeted properties of such materials. Specifically, this review examines the aspects related to the manufacture of technical catalysts spanning from the operations related to the mixture of their components to the thermal treatments to which the corresponding shaped bodies are submitted. Furthermore, we define and discuss the properties considered as key when evaluating the catalytic performance of the shaped materials.

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“…This risk may be reduced by consideration of the home environment, and practical advice on the use of commodes or the collection of urine in a handheld container. Fracture risk assessment tools (eg, FRAX; https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/FRAX/) evaluate the impact of multiple clinical factors to estimate fracture risk over a defined time interval [20]. It is important to consider prospective assessment of fracture risk in order to mitigate some of the downstream risks; collaboration with the primary care physician or geriatrician can be helpful.…”

Section: Considerations In Older or Frail Patientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and Treatment in Urology for Nocturia Caused by Nonurological Mechanisms: Guidance from the PLANET Study

Smith

Dawson

Eriksson

et al. 2022

European Urology Focus

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Patients with nocturia are commonly referred to urology clinics, including many for whom a nonurological medical condition is responsible for their symptoms. The PLanning Appropriate Nocturia Evaluation and Treatment (PLANET) study was established to develop practical approaches to equip healthcare practitioners to deal with the diverse causes of nocturia, based on systematic reviews and expert consensus. Initial assessment and therapy need to consider the possibility of one or more medical conditions falling into the ''SCREeN'' areas of Sleep medicine (insomnia, periodic limb movements of sleep, parasomnias, and obstructive sleep apnoea), Cardiovascular (hypertension and congestive heart failure), Renal (chronic kidney disease), Endocrine (diabetes mellitus, thyroid disease, pregnancy/menopause, and diabetes insipidus), and Neurology. Medical and medication causes of xerostomia should also be considered. Some key indicators for these conditions can be identified in urology clinics, working in partnership with the primary care provider. Therapy of the medical condition in some circumstances lessens the severity of nocturia. However, in many cases there is a conflict between the two, in which case the medical condition generally takes priority on safety grounds. It is important to provide patients with a realistic expectation of therapy and awareness of limitations of current therapeutic options for nocturia. Patient summary: Nocturia is the symptom of waking at night to pass urine. Commonly, this problem is referred to urology clinics. However, in some cases, the patient does not have a urological condition but actually a condition from a different speciality of medicine. This article describes how best the urologist and the primary care doctor can work

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Fracture Risk Assessment

Cited by 27 publications

References 91 publications

Improved fracture risk prediction by adding VFA-identified vertebral fracture data to BMD by DXA and clinical risk factors used in FRAX

Improved fracture risk prediction by adding VFA-identified vertebral fracture data to BMD by DXA and clinical risk factors used in FRAX

Elements of the Manufacture and Properties of Technical Catalysts

Evaluation and Treatment in Urology for Nocturia Caused by Nonurological Mechanisms: Guidance from the PLANET Study

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