Fracture properties of the human mandible

Abstract

A total of seven human mandibles were struck to breaking point under standardised conditions using a pendulum. The cortical deformation for two impact directions was measured with strain gauge strips located at eight defined sites. Fronto-median impacts led to mostly bilateral and always multiple fractures in the posterior area of the bone, especially in the collum and the condyle. The fracture threshold was between 2.5 and 3.1 kN. Lateral impact caused fractures near the impact area as direct fractures of the ipsilateral corpus. Mainly single and double fractures were observed. For lateral impact the fracture threshold was between 0.6 and 0.8 kN.

Finite element modelling of human head injuries caused by a fall

“…These studies have been recently criticised [13,14]. Other works, such as multi-body dynamic reconstructions of adult head injury accidents and biomechanical studies of falls, have recently been published [15][16][17][18].…”

Biomechanical response of the human mandible to impacts of the chin

“…Prior research has studied mandible fracture tolerance (Hodgson, 1967;Nahum et al, 1968;Schneider and Nahum, 1972;Nahum, 1975;Huelke and Compton, 1983;Hopper et al, 1994;Unnewehr et al, 2003) and the response of the condylar fibrocartilage and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) articulating disk to load (Lai et al, 1998;Hu et al, 2003;Beek et al, 2001;Tanaka et al, 2001). However, none of these studies described the gross deformation of the mandible versus time under chin loading.…”

Feet rolled over by cars: radiological and histological considerations from experiments

“…Thereby injuries of various degrees of severity occurred in the form of abrasions and bone injuries, depending on the velocity of the vehicle and the position of the foot at the time of being rolled over. Other studies with different but similar mechanisms are also pointing in the same direction [2][3][4].…”