Fracture Healing and Complications in Dogs

Henry, Goecke; Cole, Robert

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-48247-9.00031-0

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…14 Additionally, the increased time required to take the 10 projections along with the need to continuously reposition the joint could increase pain and distress for the patient along with potentially increasing damage to the joint. 15,26 The results of the present study suggest that fracture detection based on a two-view study may be comparable to that of a tenview study, especially for an experienced observer. It was interesting that the sensitivity was actually higher for the two-view study of the calcaneus and talus.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

“…19 Compared with radiography, CT also has a higher contrast resolution that can result in better detection of subtle pathological variations in tissues. 7,15 Furthermore, both bone and soft tissue structures can be evaluated in high and medium frequency algorithms, by varying the grayscale window and level, and with multiplanar reconstructed views. 14,19 In a previous study, CT demonstrated higher observer accuracy in describing severely comminuted fractures of the central tarsal bone in racing greyhounds compared to radiography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Additionally, small fractures in the tarsal bones may not be detected if the x-ray beam does not pass parallel to the fracture plane. 15 Computed tomography is an imaging modality that is becoming more available to practitioners. [15][16][17] The use of multi-detector CT scanners has decreased CT scans times allowing for scans to be performed under sedation or in conscious patients with traumatic injuries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15 Computed tomography is an imaging modality that is becoming more available to practitioners. [15][16][17] The use of multi-detector CT scanners has decreased CT scans times allowing for scans to be performed under sedation or in conscious patients with traumatic injuries. 7,18 Use of CT to evaluate complex joints has several advantages compared to radiography.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of radiography and computed tomography to evaluate fractures of the canine tarsus

Butler

Nemanic

Warnock

2017

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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Detection and accurate classification of traumatic tarsal fractures are important for identifying cases requiring surgical intervention. The aim of this prospective, experimental, methods comparison study was to directly compare the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of tarsal computed tomography (CT), ten-view and two-view digital radiographs for detecting traumatic fractures of the canine tarsus. The working hypothesis was that tarsal fractures would be detected with higher accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity using CT imaging compared to radiography, and a tenview would be superior to a two-view radiographic study. Ten cadaver hind limbs of medium to large dogs received a CT scan and ten-view radiographic study before and after induction of fractures with a hydraulic press. All bones included in the radiographic images were assessed for fractures by two observers and gross dissection was used as the gold standard. The two-view radiographic study (dorsoplantar, lateromedial) was created from the ten-view study and reviewed 2 years later. All limbs sustained fractures, the most common locations were the talus and calcaneus (n = 7). The sensitivity of CT was greater than ten-view radiographic study (77% vs. 57%), while the specificity was similar (97% vs. 98%). The sensitivity and specificity of the ten-view and twoview radiograph studies were similar (57% vs. 55%; both 98%). Computed tomography images were reassessed postdissection to determine if failure to identify fractures resulted from observer error. Overall, CT was better than radiography for detecting fractures of the canine tarsus, however there was little improvement with ten-view compared to two-view radiographic studies.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of radiography and computed tomography to evaluate fractures of the canine tarsus

Butler

Nemanic

Warnock

2017

Vet Radiology Ultrasound

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“…Approximately 47.4% of the rescued animals at the WMRC were injured because of trauma, such as that caused by vehicle collision or poaching tools [ 3 ]. In the evaluation of trauma patients, imaging modalities such as radiography and computed tomography (CT) are the basic tools for diagnosing musculoskeletal injury, thoracic, and abdominal trauma [ 4 5 6 ]. Particularly for musculoskeletal injuries, these imaging modalities provide critical information regarding the location, type, complexity, and potential complications associated with fractures, which aids in assessing and planning surgery [ 4 5 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Radiographic evaluation of congenital vertebral anomalies in Korean raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis)

et al. 2021

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Background The normal vertebral anatomy of Korean raccoon dogs and their variants require research attention as a prerequisite for identifying pathologies and anomalies. Objectives This retrospective study aimed at describing the vertebral formula and congenital vertebral anomalies in Korean raccoon dogs ( Nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis ). Methods Radiographs of 82 raccoon dogs (42 males, 40 females) acquired from May 2013 to June 2020 in the Gangwon Wildlife Medical Rescue Center were reviewed to evaluate the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae of the spine. Results Normal morphology of all vertebrae was observed in 50 of the 82 raccoon dogs, and the vertebral formula was cervical 7, thoracic 13, and lumbar 7. Congenital vertebral anomalies were found in 32 raccoon dogs: transitional vertebrae (TV) in 31 and block vertebrae in 2. Two raccoon dogs had 2 types of vertebral anomalies: one had TV and block vertebra, and the other had 2 types of TV. Twenty-nine raccoon dogs had thoracolumbar TV (TTV) and 3 had lumbosacral TV. TTV was morphologically classified into 4 different types: unilateral extra-rib in 5 raccoon dogs, bilateral extra-ribs in 14, bilateral elongated transverse processes in 4, and an asymmetric mixed formation of extra-rib with elongated transverse process in 6. Conclusions This study showed that TTV is common in Korean raccoon dogs, and that the vertebral formula is relatively diverse. The bilateral extra-ribs type TTV is the most common variant, which is almost similar to normal rib to be confused the radiographic evaluation.

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Computed Tomographic Features of Non-Lame French Bulldog Elbows

Mella

Dirrig

Meeson

2022

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol

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Objective French Bulldogs are predisposed to humeral condylar fractures. Computed tomography (CT) in English Springer Spaniel elbows has allowed identification of humeral intracondylar fissures (HIF), which can cause lameness and predispose to condylar fractures. This study aimed to evaluate CT characteristics of non-lame French Bulldog elbows, to determine the presence of underlying elbow disease. Study Design Retrospective evaluation of CT images from elbows of non-lame French Bulldogs from scans obtained for soft tissue or neurological evaluation was performed. Images were evaluated for the presence of HIF and other elbow abnormalities: condylar and supracondylar remodelling, humeral condylar sclerosis, elbow incongruency, medial coronoid process disease and elbow osteoarthritis. Descriptive statistics were performed. Results Computed tomographic scans from 37 dogs (74 elbows) were reviewed. No HIF were identified, although 28/74 elbows had an intracondylar sclerotic band. Medial coronoid process disease was noted in 16/74 elbows, and small osteophytes were present in 21/74 elbows, suggesting a degree of subclinical elbow disease. Widening of the caudolateral aspect of the radial incisure was identified (37/74) as a breed normal. Elbow incongruency was otherwise rare. Conclusion Non-lame French Bulldogs showed a low prevalence of occult elbow disease but a proportion had radial incisure widening. Although humeral intracondylar sclerosis was present in over a third of dogs, no HIF were identified and therefore no clear cause for their increased risk of humeral condylar fracture was identified.

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Fracture Healing and Complications in Dogs

Cited by 6 publications

References 60 publications

Comparison of radiography and computed tomography to evaluate fractures of the canine tarsus

Comparison of radiography and computed tomography to evaluate fractures of the canine tarsus

Radiographic evaluation of congenital vertebral anomalies in Korean raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides koreensis)

Computed Tomographic Features of Non-Lame French Bulldog Elbows

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