Fractionation of Fe, Zn, Cu and Health Risk Appraisement in two Terrestrial and Aquatic Snails Commonly Consumed in Nigeria

Abstract

This study consist of chemical fractionation of Fe, Cu and Zn in two commonly consumed terrestrial and aquatic snails, and appraised the risk associated via consumption. The concentrations of the metals in each fraction were analyzed using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer. Results showed that, Fe accumulated higher than Cu and Zn in all the snails. Fe levels were highest in the residual fraction and the values were higher than standard maximum limits of M.A.F.F. and W.H.O./F.A.O. except I.A.E.A., while Cu and Zn levels were below their limits. Risk appraisement study showed that, Fe was a major risk contributor to the H.I. values, accounting over 70%. The study also revealed that, a daily consumption of 0.025 mg kg -1 -bw day -1 of Fe, Cu and Zn via these snails will not pose non-carcinogenic risk to consumers for now but, in light of metal toxicity and its bio-accumulative nature, moderate intake of these snails is advisable.