Fractionation of Degraded Lignin by Using a Water/1‐Butanol Mixture with a Solid‐Acid Catalyst: A Potential Source of Phenolic Compounds

Nakasaka, Yuta; Yoshikawa, Takuya; Kawamata, Yuki; Tago, Teruoki; Sato, Shinya; Takanohashi, Toshimasa; Koyama, Yoshihisa; Masuda, Toshio

doi:10.1002/cctc.201700104

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Among all of the above solvents, significant lignin removal and enzymatic hydrolysis of rice straw can be obtained after treatment with the THF system. However, considering the fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass, the biphase solvent system has more potential than the monophasic system. − KL-EPH is consequently a better choice and will be further studied to support the above conclusion and simultaneously evaluate the application potential of KL-EPH.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Screening Solvents Based on Hansen Solubility Parameter Theory To Depolymerize Lignocellulosic Biomass Efficiently under Low Temperature

Zhang

Tan

Wen

et al. 2019

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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Ten solvents including water-soluble and water-insoluble solvents were first used to pretreat rice straw under facile conditions (110 °C, 60 min). The results showed that most of the hemicellulose was removed, and much of the cellulose was held in solid residue. On the basis of the Hansen solubility parameter (HSP) theory, the correlation between the relative energy difference of the solvent-system–lignin interactions and the lignin removal was explored. Taking efficient enzymatic hydrolysis and ease fractionation of lignocellulosic biomass into account, biphase solvent 2-phenoxyethanol (KL-EPH) was selected for further study. After that, the effects of temperature, retention time, sulfuric acid loading, and KL-EPH concentration on the degradation of rice straw were studied, and the results indicated that the conditions of temperature 120 °C, retention time 3 h, sulfuric acid loading 0.1 M, and KL-EPH concentration 50% were optimal. Under these conditions, 90.17% of hemicellulose and 53.17% of lignin were removed from rice straw, resulting in the residue enzymatic hydrolysis rate of 88%, and 66% of hemicellulose as xylose was present in the aqueous phase. Moreover, 33.55% of the precipitated solid (lignin rich) was collected from the organic phase. The componential analysis suggested the lignin-rich residue mainly consisted of 78.68% lignin, 8.26% glucan, and 1.65% xylan. The raw materials and residues were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction, and the results showed that the remarkable removal of hemicellulose and lignin primarily contributed to the improved enzymatic hydrolysis of the residue based on these results.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Screening Solvents Based on Hansen Solubility Parameter Theory To Depolymerize Lignocellulosic Biomass Efficiently under Low Temperature

Zhang

Tan

Wen

et al. 2019

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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“…One promising route for real lignin conversion is the extraction of lignin from lignocellulose. The extraction processes were performed using solvents, such as an alcohol (6), tetrahydrofuran (THF), g‐valerolactone (GVL), ionic liquids (ILs), and tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA), in the presence of mineral acids at high temperatures. Lignin was soluble in the solvent and is called organosolv lignin.…”

Section: The Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catalytic Scissoring of Lignin into Aryl Monomers

Wang

2019

Advanced Materials

128

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Lignin is an aromatic polymer, which is the biggest and most sustainable reservoir for aromatics. The selective conversion of lignin polymers into aryl monomers is a promising route to provide aromatics, but it is also a challenging task. Compared to cellulose, lignin remains the most poorly utilized biopolymer due to its complex structure. Although harsh conditions can degrade lignin, the aromatic rings are usually destroyed. This article comprehensively analyzes the challenges facing the scissoring of lignin into aryl monomers and summarizes the recent progress, focusing on the strategies and the catalysts to address the problems. Finally, emphasis is given to the outlook and future directions of this research.

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“…Both molecular weights of the individual fractions obtained sharply decreased with the decrease of THF concentration from 35 to 20%. The introduction of catalyst, especially alkaline, into H 2 O/THF system could selectively improve the solubility and depolymerization of fractionated lignin (Nakasaka et al, 2017). For instance, it was pointed out that, with the introduction of MgO, much higher phenolic monomer yield (13.2%) was obtained in THF solvent than that without catalyst, attributing to the excellent fractionation and dissolution of lignin and the promoting effect on the catalytic activity of MgO in THF (Table 2; Long et al, 2014).…”

Section: Lignin Solubilization and Depolymerization In H 2 O/thf Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Roles of H2O/Tetrahydrofuran System in Lignocellulose Valorization

Zhang

et al. 2020

Front. Chem.

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Lignocellulosic biomass as a potential alternative to fossil resource for the production of valuable chemicals and fuels has attracted substantial attention, while reducing the recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass is still challenging due to the complex and cross-linking structure of biomass. Solvent system plays important roles in the pretreatment of lignocellulose, enabling the transformation of solid biomass to liquid fluid with better mass and heat transfer, as well as in the selective formation of target products. In particular, H 2 O/tetrahydrofuran (H 2 O/THF) system has recently been widely applied in lignocellulose valorization, which has been proved to exhibit outstanding efficiency for the conversion of lignocellulose, solubilization of the intermediates and products, and shifting reaction equilibrium, thereby significantly improving the yield and selectivity of target products, as well as the full utilization of lignocellulose. In addition, THF shows low toxicity, and is known as a renewable solvent which can be produced from bio-derived chemicals. Herein, this review concentrates on the advances of H 2 O/THF system in lignocellulose valorization in recent years. Several aspects relative to the roles of H 2 O/THF system are discussed as follows: the pretreatment of lignin, conversion of hemicellulose and cellulose components in lignocelluloses, and the promoting formation of valuable chemicals like furfural, 5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF), levulinic acid, and so on, as well as the inhibiting role in humins formation. This review might provide useful information for the design of effective solvent system in full utilization of lignocellulosic biomass.

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Fractionation of Degraded Lignin by Using a Water/1‐Butanol Mixture with a Solid‐Acid Catalyst: A Potential Source of Phenolic Compounds

Cited by 24 publications

References 30 publications

Screening Solvents Based on Hansen Solubility Parameter Theory To Depolymerize Lignocellulosic Biomass Efficiently under Low Temperature

Screening Solvents Based on Hansen Solubility Parameter Theory To Depolymerize Lignocellulosic Biomass Efficiently under Low Temperature

Catalytic Scissoring of Lignin into Aryl Monomers

The Roles of H2O/Tetrahydrofuran System in Lignocellulose Valorization

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