Fractionation of Cellulose by Summative Method

Coppick, Sydney; Battista, O. A.; Lytton, M. R.

doi:10.1021/ie50492a038

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The results of such fractionations presented in the literature seem rather to be due to a fractionation on the basis of the accessibility. A clear relationship seems to exist between molar concentration of the excess copper in solution and, respectively, per cent dissolved substance and [ 7 ] value of the undissolved substance. (2) Precipitation of cellulose from a cuene solution by means of an acid does not bring about a fractionation according to chain length.…”

Section: Synopsismentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Les resultats de tels fractionnements, que Yon retrouve dans la Littgature, repondent plut6t P une diffeence d'accessibilite. I1 semble exister des relations bien nettes entre la concentration molaire du cuivre en exch dans la solution et le pourcentage de substance dissoute et la valeur de [ 7 ] de la substance non-dissoute. (2) La precipitation de la cellulose au dCpart de la solution de c u b e par acidification ne permet pas de fractionnement en fonction de la longueur de chahe.…”

Section: Rbsum6unclassified

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Cupriethylenediamine and cuprammonium hydroxide as solvents in molecular fractionation of cellulose

Sihtola¹,

Kaila²,

Laamanen³

1957

J. Polym. Sci.

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The possibilities of using cupriethylenediamine (or cuprammonium hydroxide) solution as solvent in molecular fractionation of cellulose was investigated. From the results the following conclusions could be drawn. (1) A real fractionation based on different dissolving power of cuene or cuoxam solutions of different copper concentration seems not to be possible. The results of such fractionations presented in the literature seem rather to be due to a fractionation on the basis of the accessibility. A clear relationship seems to exist between molar concentration of the excess copper in solution and, respectively, per cent dissolved substance and [η] value of the undissolved substance. (2) Precipitation of cellulose from a cuene solution by means of an acid does not bring about a fractionation according to chain length. (3) Fractionation takes place according to chain length when the precipitation of cellulose from a cuene solution is carried out by means of organic liquids, among which propanol has proved to be the most suitable one. In this case the precipitation is caused by decrease of the degree of solvation of the cellulose‐cuene complex. (4) Fractionation can be brought about by raising the temperature of a propanolcontaining cuene solution of cellulose. (5) Considering the depolymerization of cellulose in cuene and cuoxam solutions these solvents cannot be regarded as suitable for determination of the chain length distribution of cellulose.

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Section: Synopsismentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Rbsum6unclassified

Cupriethylenediamine and cuprammonium hydroxide as solvents in molecular fractionation of cellulose

Sihtola¹,

Kaila²,

Laamanen³

1957

J. Polym. Sci.

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“…Fractionation by nitrogen content was observed under some conditions in both methods. Billmeyer and Stockmayer [816] and Coppick, Battista, and Lytton [826] have investigated the technique of characterizing the molecular-weight distribution of a polymer by precipitating successively larger portions of aliquots of the original solution by adding larger and larger portions of a non-solvent to each aliquot. From the amount precipitated in each aliquot and the molecular weights of the precipitated and non-precipitated fractions, the distribution can be fairly well characterized.…”

Section: H Dyeingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Textile Research and Development During 1950

Steele¹,

Wakeham²,

Wakelin³

et al. 1951

Textile Research Journal

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This paper is a review of the literature published during 1950 in the field of textile science and technology. The breadth of the subject matter in pure science and in technology represented by the extensive bibliography indicates the many important fields in which the textile industry is now devoting effort and which it must follow closely if improvements in processing operations and in materials are to be translated into more useful products for the con-sumer.Papers in the field of research have been concerned with studies of the structure and properties of natural and synthetic fibers, with the chemistry of cellulose and starch, with the microbiological degradation of cellulose and wool, and with the processes of adsorption, swelling, diffusion, dyeing, and detergency. Certain general papers in the field of high polymers have been included because the techniques are important in textile research. Methods for determining molecular weight by viscometry, osmotic pressure, light scattering, and centrifugation have been reviewed. New equipments and techniques for the control of processing and laboratory equipment and for the test, identification, and examination of textile materials have been considered.In the field of development, the papers in the literature have reported on improved processes for opening and blending, carding, drafting, spinning, winding, weaving, and knitting. In wet processing attention has been given to scouring, sizing, dyeing, and printing, bleaching, and stripping. The literature on finishing includes studies of dimensional stabilization of fabrics, flame-resistance, waterproofing, resin finishes, and coating materials.II. Introduction ' The material reviewed in this paper has been selected from the scientific and technical journals published in the United States and abroad, and from certain standard abstract journals. It is believed that this review covers the important contributions in the fields of textile research and development during 1950; however, certain papers assembled at the outset have been omitted because they were considered inappropriate. The material in the text has been divided somewhat arbitrarily into the fields of research and development, and into sub-classifications of these divisions controlled principally by the published literature.The bibliography has been arranged to conform with the main divisions and their sub-classifications. The individual papers cited are numbered consecutively in the bibliography; the papers in each of the principal sections in research and development are arranged in alphabetical order by first author. The numbers in brackets in the text refer to the appropriate papers in the bibliography. III. Review Papers of General InterestThe general literature on textiles during the past year includes the publication of many books and scientific papers which are not concerned with particular materials or processes but deal in a broad way with the textile field. These publications treat such subjects as the general progress in research and develop...

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“…Kumichel [20], Mitchell [13], Davis [5], Herrent and Govaerts [6] , Coppick, Battista, and Lytton [4], and Heuser and 16rvensen [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Fractionation of Cellulose

Pagé¹

1953

Textile Research Journal

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This is in accord with the work of Edelstein [lc] in which barium number is proposed to &dquo;measure the completeness of the reaction which has taken place between the mercerizing caustic and the material,&dquo; but in which it is also pointed out [la] that &dquo;barium activity numbers ... were found to be unaffected by the amount of tension during mercerization,&dquo; while &dquo;for any particular caustic solution the greater the tension put on the yarn, the greater was the luster of the finished yarn.&dquo; Abstract Studies of molecular weight heterogeneity have been carried out on various celluloses, both before and after exposure to the degradative effect of ultraviolet radiation. Fractionation was carried out on the nitrate derivatives of the samples studied. The data show that significant changes have taken place in the molecular weight distribution patterns of the degraded celluloses.

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Fractionation of Cellulose by Summative Method

Cited by 13 publications

References 3 publications

Cupriethylenediamine and cuprammonium hydroxide as solvents in molecular fractionation of cellulose

Cupriethylenediamine and cuprammonium hydroxide as solvents in molecular fractionation of cellulose

Review of Textile Research and Development During 1950

The Fractionation of Cellulose

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