Fractionation Method for Soil Microelements

Shuman, L. M.

doi:10.1097/00010694-198507000-00003

Cited by 639 publications

(421 citation statements)

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“…In the case of soils the speciation of heavy metals is generally related to their physico-chemical forms existed: simple and complex ions in interstitial solution; exchangeable ions; associated with soil organic fractions; occluded or coprecipitated with metal oxides, carbonates or phosphates and other secondary minerals; ions in the crystal lattices of primary minerals (Zhu and Alva, 1993). Based on the consideration of elements being associated with the different geochemical phases of soils there are numerous experimentally defined single and multiple sequential extraction procedures for the elemental speciation analysis (Shuman, 1985;Levesque and Mathur, 1988;Novozamsky et al, 1993;Ure et al, 1993;Leleyter and Probst, 1999). Among them the most widely applied methods were those recommended by Tessier et al (1979) and by the Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) (Ure et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison between fractionation and bioavailability of trace elements in rhizosphere and bulk soils

2002

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Rhizosphere is a microbiosphere and has quite different chemical, physical and biological properties from bulk soils. A greenhouse experiment was performed to compare the difference of fractionation and bioavailability of trace elements Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd between rhizosphere soil and bulk soil. In the meantime, the influence of air-drying on the fractionation and bioavailability was also investigated by using wet soil sample as a control. Soils in a homemade rhizobox were divided into four zones: rhizosphere, near rhizosphere, near bulk soil and bulk soil zones, which was designated as S 1 , S 2 , S 3 and S 4 . Elemental speciations were fractionated to water soluble, exchangeable and carbonate bound (B1), Fe-Mn oxide bound (B2), and organic and sulfide bound (B3) by a sequential extraction procedure. Speciation differences were observed for elements Cr, Ni, Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd between the rhizosphere and bulk soils, and between the air-dried and wet soils as well. The concentrations of all six heavy metals in fraction B1 followed the order of S 2 > S 3 > S 1 > S 4 and for B2, the order was S 2 > S 3 % S 4 > S 1 . For B3, the order was S 1 > S 3 % S 4 > S 2 , while for Cd the order was S 2 > S 3 % S 4 > S 1 . The air-drying increased elemental concentration in fractions B1 and B2 by 20-50% and decreased in fraction B3 by about 20-100%. Correlation analysis also indicated that the bioavailability correlation coefficient of fraction B1 in rhizosphere wet soil to plants was better than that between either air-dried or nonrhizosphere soils. Therefore, application of rhizosphere wet soils should be recommended in the future study on the speciation analysis of trace elements in soils and bioavailability. Ó

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison between fractionation and bioavailability of trace elements in rhizosphere and bulk soils

2002

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“…A solubilidade do Zn no solo é altamente dependente do pH, decrescendo cem vezes para cada aumento de uma unidade no pH (LINDSAY, 1972). Além disso, solos com teores elevados de argila e matéria orgânica, por apresentarem maior CTC, possuem maior capacidade de retenção de metais catiônicos que solos mais arenosos e com teores menores de matéria orgânica (SHUMAN, 1985;CUNHA et al, 1994;MATOS et al, 1996;AMARAL et al, 1996). A matéria orgânica, embora represente, em geral, menos de 5% dos componentes sólidos, é responsável por, aproximadamente, 30% a 65% da CTC dos solos minerais e mais de 50% da CTC dos solos arenosos e orgânicos, daí sua importância na retenção de metais no solo.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Pó-de-aciaria como fonte de zinco para o milho e seu efeito na disponibilidade de metais pesados

Santos¹,

Abreu

Camargo

et al. 2002

Bragantia

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RESUMOO objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o pó-de-aciaria como fonte de zinco para o milho (Zea mays L.) e seu efeito no acúmulo e disponibilidade de Cd, Cr, Ni e Pb no solo e nas plantas. O experimento foi realizado em casa de vegetação, utilizando-se dois Latossolos Vermelhos e em dois valores de pH (5,0 e 6,0). As fontes de zinco foram o pó-de-aciaria e o sulfato de zinco aplicados nas doses de 0, 5, 50 e 150 mg.dm -3 de Zn. Fez-se a extração de Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr e Ni do solo utilizando-se as soluções de DTPA e de Mehlich-1. A menor dose de Zn adicionada ao solo, nas duas fontes, proporcionou teores na parte aérea da planta superiores ao nível crítico para a cultura. As concentrações dos metais Pb, Cd, Cr e Ni, tanto na parte aérea como no solo, foram menores que os níveis críticos para toxicidade. Os coeficientes de correlação entre o Zn extraído do solo pelas duas soluções e a concentração de Zn na parte aérea do milho foram significativos e semelhantes para ambos os solos. O mesmo não foi observado para os outros elementos. Conclui-se que, nas condições estudadas, o pó-de-aciaria é uma fonte eficiente de Zn para o milho; os extratores são adequados para determinar a disponibilidade desse elemento, ineficientes, entretanto, para os outros metais estudados. O pH alterou a disponibilidade do Zn diminuindo a disponibilidade com seu aumento. Palavras-chave: metais pesados, resíduo siderúrgico, extratores. ABSTRACT FLUE DUST AS ZINC SOURCE TO CORN AND ITS EFFECT IN HEAVY METALS AVAILABILITYThe purpose of this study was to assess the effect of application of increasing doses of flue dust on the accumulation and availability of the metals Zn, Cd, Cu, Ni and Pb in two surface soil samples and in corn plants (Zea mays L.). The experiment was carried out at the Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil, under greenhouse conditions, using corn as test plant, grown in two Typic Eutrorthox at two pH levels (5,0 e 6,0). The Zn sources were flue dust and pure ZnSO 4 applied at the following rates: 0; 5; 50 and 150 mg.dm -3 Zn. The extraction of Zn, Cd, Pb, Cr and Ni from the soil was accomplished using the DTPA-TEA pH 7,5 and Mehlich-1 solutions methods. The smallest Zn dose added to the soil as flue dust provided higher values than the critical levels for the aerial part of the plant. The Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni concentrations were, in the aerial part and in the soil, lower than the critical levels for toxicity. The correlation coefficients between the Zn extracted from the soil by the two solutions and Zn concentration in corn aerial part were significant and similar in both soils. It may be concluded, in the conditions studied, that flue dust is an efficient source of Zn to corn, and that the extractants were efficient to indicate its phytoavailability, but unefficient to the other metal studied. Zinc availability decreased with increasing pH.

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“…Após 180 dias de incubação com lodo, independentemente da dose e do solo, os maiores teores foram encontrados nas frações: residual e matéria orgânica (Quadro 4), indicando a baixa disponibilidade do elemento decorrente do período de contato com solo, atribuída à presença de formas altamente estáveis, como a residual (Shuman, 1985;Xiang et al 1995) e sua afinidade pela matéria orgânica (Nyamangara & Mzezewa,1999;Silveira, 2002 (Novais & Smyth, 1999).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…A extração seqüencial foi baseada no método de Shuman (1985), com exceção da fração óxido de ferro amorfo, que foi obtida pelo método de Chao & Zhou (1983). Esse fracionamento separou o Zn nas frações: trocável, matéria orgânica, óxido de ferro amorfo e óxido de ferro cristalino e foi efetuado como descrito abaixo.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Fracionamento e disponibilidade de zinco por diferentes extratores em solos incubados com lodo de esgoto

Araújo

Nascimento

2005

Rev. Bras. Ciênc. Solo

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Fractionation Method for Soil Microelements

Cited by 639 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison between fractionation and bioavailability of trace elements in rhizosphere and bulk soils

Comparison between fractionation and bioavailability of trace elements in rhizosphere and bulk soils

Pó-de-aciaria como fonte de zinco para o milho e seu efeito na disponibilidade de metais pesados

Fracionamento e disponibilidade de zinco por diferentes extratores em solos incubados com lodo de esgoto

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