Fractionation, bioavailability, contamination and environmental risk of heavy metals in the sediments from a freshwater reservoir, Pakistan

Saleem, M.; Iqbal, Javed; Akhter, Gulraiz; Shah, Munir H.

doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2017.11.002

Cited by 87 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…The operational conditions for the AAS were adjusted in accordance with the manufacturer's guidelines to obtain optimal determination. The reliability of the sequential extraction protocol (modified BCR) was checked by comparing the sum of the four fractions (F1 + F2 + F3 + R) with the total metal concentration measured using GIF-AAS (Qiao et al 2013;Liu et al 2018;Saleem et al 2018). The recovery rates for heavy metals ranged from 93.5 to 109%.…”

Section: Procedure Reagents and Quality Assurancementioning

confidence: 99%

The mobility of the trace metals copper, zinc, lead, cobalt, and nickel in tropical estuarine sediments, Ebrie Lagoon, Côte d’Ivoire

et al. 2018

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Purpose Trace metals accumulate in the food web and can pose high risks to human health and aquatic biota. We investigated seasonal and spatial variations of Cu, Zn, Pb, Co, and Ni mobility in surface sediments (0-5 cm) and their potential toxicity. Materials and methods The sampling was carried out in three embayments of the Ebrie Lagoon (Côte d'Ivoire) during the rainy and dry seasons. The sequential and kinetic extraction methods were used to assess Cu, Zn, Pb, Co, and Ni mobility and their potential toxicity. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to ascertain spatial and seasonal differences. Results and discussion The results showed that contrarily to Co, distribution patterns of Zn and Cu in the sediment fractions showed no spatial and seasonal variability. On the other hand, Pb and Ni distribution patterns varied highly across the bays but not seasonally. Nevertheless, repeated measurements over a long period of time should be carried out to better understand the seasonal variability of metal distribution in sediment phases. Cu, Pb, Co, and Ni were abundant in residual fraction (56.93-71.66%) in the bays. On the contrary, a very high portion of Zn (up to 70%) could be remobilized. Cu, Pb, Co, and Ni formed mainly inert complexes in sediments, while Zn formed labile complexes. Zn could pose high risk to biota, Co and Ni a medium risk, and Cu and Pb a low risk. Conclusions A combination of both sequential and kinetic methods revealed that both Zn and Pb formed labile complexes in the exchangeable and iron/manganese oxide fractions. Sequential extraction showed high Pb concentrations in the iron/manganese oxides. Thus, Zn and Pb may be highly available, which confirmed fish Pb concentrations exceeding WHO safe limits found by previous studies. Therefore, potential mobility of metals could be better assessed by the exchangeable and iron/manganese oxide fractions obtained by sequential extraction methods.

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Section: Procedure Reagents and Quality Assurancementioning

confidence: 99%

The mobility of the trace metals copper, zinc, lead, cobalt, and nickel in tropical estuarine sediments, Ebrie Lagoon, Côte d’Ivoire

et al. 2018

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“…Bing et al [43] suggested that local anthropogenic activities increase contamination of specific HMs in the bottom sediments, especially of upper regions. Saleem et al [55] observed relatively high content of HMs at sites which were adjacent to urban and semi-urban areas. The HMs may also come from the discharges of untreated urban/industrial wastes, agricultural runoffs and automobile emissions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Our research confirmed the results obtained by Lin et al [29] that the organic matter-bound fraction of heavy metal was a key mediator for ecological risk. Saleem et al [55] demonstrated that organic matter may retain heavy elements in sediments and play an important role in bottom sediment quality assessment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The transport and enrichment of HMs in reservoir bottom sediments have been intensively studied, including concentration, spatial distribution, source identification and pollution assessment [13,[49][50][51], temporal variability [52], bioavailability [53], ecological risk and organism toxicity [4,54,55]. Moreover, some studies relate to HM concentrations in reservoir tributaries [16,56].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavy Metals in Bottom Sediments of Reservoirs in the Lowland Area of Western Poland: Concentrations, Distribution, Sources and Ecological Risk

Sojka

Jaskuła

Siepak

2018

Water

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The paper presents the results of a study of heavy metals (HMs) concentrations in six retention reservoirs located in the lowland area of western Poland. The objectives of this study were to analyze the Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn concentrations, assess contamination and ecological risk, analyze the spatial variability of HM concentrations and identify potential sources and factors determining the concentration and spatial distribution. The bottom sediment pollution by HMs was assessed on the basis of the index of geo-accumulation (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), pollution load index (PLI) and metal pollution index (MPI). To assess the ecological risk associated with multiple HMs, the mean probable effect concentration (PEC) quotient (Qm-PEC) and the toxic risk index (TRI) were used. In order to determine the similarities and differences between sampling sites in regard to the HM concentration, cluster analysis (CA) was applied. Principal component analysis (PCA) was performed to assess the impact of grain size, total organic matter (TOM) content and sampling site location on HM spatial distribution. Additionally, PCA was used to assess the impact of catchment, reservoir characteristics and hydrological conditions. The values of Igeo, EF, MPI and PLI show that Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni and Pb mainly originate from geogenic sources. In contrast, Zn concentrations come from point sources related to agriculture. The mean PEC quotient (Qm-PEC) and TRI value show that the greatest ecological risk occurred at the inlet to the reservoir and near the dam. The analysis showed that the HMs concentration depends on silt and sand content. However, the Pb, Cu, Cd and Zn concentrations are associated with TOM as well. The relationship between individual HMs and silt was stronger than with TOM. The PCA results indicate that HMs with the exception of Zn originate from geogenic sources—weathering of rock material. However, the Ni concentration may additionally depend on road traffic. The results show that a reservoir with more frequent water exchange has higher HMs concentrations, whereas the Zn concentration in bottom sediments is associated with agricultural point sources.

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“…enrichment factor, geo-accumulation index, pollution index, concentration factor) is based on comparing the concentration of an element with a globally accepted reference, for instance, the continental crust (Monsalve et al, 2017;Saleem et al, 2018;Hasan et al, 2018). However, to obtain more realistic reference values, the using of elemental concentrations of either local or regional geochemical values is preferred by many authors (e.g.…”

Section: Conservative Reference Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi-elemental study to establish the natural background and geochemical anomalies in rocks from the Sonora river upper basin, NW Mexico

Calmus¹,

Valencia-Moreno²,

Río-Salas³

et al. 2018

revmexcg

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Growing industrialization, including mining activity, dramatically increases environmental pollution. Exploitation of natural resources triggers landscape alteration, inputs of potentially toxic chemical elements to the environment and health diseases. In the case of mining activity, the measure of any associated environmental disturbance requires a geochemical background as a reference frame. Since in Mexico, there is a lack of this type of references in mining districts, the present study took a recent mining spill as an opportunity to establish the geochemical background of the upper Sonora river basin, which includes active and historical mining areas. The weighted average of elemental values was calculated using GIS tools. The data show that rocks have a similar geochemical behavior, which is characterized by pristine enrichment of Mn, Ca, P, Ba, Zn, As, Ag, Sb, W, Pb and Bi relative to the upper continental crust. Coefficients of variation values reveal that Sc, Y, Zr, Ce, Yb, Fe, Ti and Al display a conservative behavior and, therefore, they are recommended to be used as reference elements in environmental studies in the basin. The findings of this work highlight the need of determining the geochemical background in mining regions to reach more realistic environmental assessments.Key words: geochemical background; conservative reference elements; Sonora river upper basin; mining district, Mexico. RESUMEN La creciente industrialización, incluyendo la actividad minera, in-

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Fractionation, bioavailability, contamination and environmental risk of heavy metals in the sediments from a freshwater reservoir, Pakistan

Cited by 87 publications

References 66 publications

The mobility of the trace metals copper, zinc, lead, cobalt, and nickel in tropical estuarine sediments, Ebrie Lagoon, Côte d’Ivoire

The mobility of the trace metals copper, zinc, lead, cobalt, and nickel in tropical estuarine sediments, Ebrie Lagoon, Côte d’Ivoire

Heavy Metals in Bottom Sediments of Reservoirs in the Lowland Area of Western Poland: Concentrations, Distribution, Sources and Ecological Risk

A multi-elemental study to establish the natural background and geochemical anomalies in rocks from the Sonora river upper basin, NW Mexico

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