Fractionating of green mandarin ( Citrus deliciosa Tenore) essential oil by vacuum fractional distillation

Silvestre, Wendel Paulo; Agostini, Fabiana; Muniz, Luis Antonio Rezende; Pauletti, Gabriel Fernandes

doi:10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2016.01.011

Cited by 52 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Because terpenes themselves are light and heat sensitive, they are prone to deterioration during storage. Heat stress induces the oxidative degradation of limonene, resulting in the formation of monoterpene hydrocarbons or oxygenated monoterpenes [ 5 , 6 , 20 ]. The terpineol and carvone components are formed by the oxidative degradation of limonene and are well known for their contribution to the loss of flavor and quality of citrus juices.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Small-Size Citrus from Taiwan: Essential Oils, Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity

et al. 2017

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Background: The calamondin (Citrus microcarpa Bunge) and the kumquat (Fortunella crassifolia Swingle) are two small-size citrus fruits that have traditionally been consumed in Taiwan; however, there has been a lack of scientific research regarding the active compounds and functionalities of these fruits. Methods: Analysis of volatile composition of essential oil and phytosterol was carried out using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Flavonoid and limonoid were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Moreover, antioxidant capacity from their essential oils and extracts were assessed in vitro. Results: The compositions of the essential oils of both fruits were identified, with the results showing that the calamondin and kumquat contain identified 43 and 44 volatile compounds, respectively. In addition, oxygenated compounds of volatiles accounted for 4.25% and 2.04%, respectively, consistent with the fact that oxygenated compounds are generally found in high content in citrus fruits. In terms of flavonoids, the calamondin exhibited higher content than the kumquat, with disomin-based flavonoids being predominant; on the other hand, phytosterol content of kumquat was higher than that of calamondin, with amyrin being the dominant phytosterol. Both of them contain high amounts of limonoids. The ethanol extracts and essential oils of small-sized citrus fruits have been shown to have antioxidant effects, with those effects being closely related to the flavonoid content of the fruit in question. Conclusions: The present study also reviewed antioxidant activity in terms of specific bioactive compounds in order to find the underlying biological activity of both fruits. The calamondin and kumquat have antioxidant effects, which are in turn very important for the prevention of chronic diseases.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traditional Small-Size Citrus from Taiwan: Essential Oils, Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity

et al. 2017

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“…Myrcene is generated by losing the geranyl cation of protons, limonene is produced by losing an α-terpinyl cation, and when the double bond of the α-terpinyl cation is attacked by an electron, an α-pinene is produced [21]. For the oleoresin from all three citrus varieties, limonene was the most abundant terpene compound, accounting for 72.72%~86.13% of the total fraction (Table 1), whereas it has previously been found to account for 90.5%~94.6% of the total fraction of oleoresin extracted from oranges by cold pressing [24,25,26]. Due to the terpenes themselves being extremely unstable in light and heat, they are prone to deterioration when placed in storage, causing a loss of flavor and overall quality.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile and Nonvolatile Constituents and Antioxidant Capacity of Oleoresins in Three Taiwan Citrus Varieties as Determined by Supercritical Fluid Extraction

Chen

Huang

2016

Molecules

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Abstract:As local varieties of citrus fruit in Taiwan, Ponkan (Citrus reticulata Blanco), Tankan (C. tankan Hayata), and Murcott (C. reticulate × C. sinensis) face substantial competition on the market. In this study, we used carbon dioxide supercritical technology to extract oleoresin from the peels of the three citrus varieties, adding alcohol as a solvent assistant to enhance the extraction rate. The supercritical fluid extraction was fractionated with lower terpene compounds in order to improve the oxygenated amounts of the volatile resins. The contents of oleoresin from the three varieties of citrus peels were then analyzed with GC/MS in order to identify 33 volatile compounds. In addition, the analysis results indicated that the non-volatile oleoresin extracted from the samples contains polymethoxyflavones (86.2~259.5 mg/g), limonoids (111.7~406.2 mg/g), and phytosterols (686.1~1316.4 µg/g). The DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), ABTS [2,2 -azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)] scavenging and inhibition of lipid oxidation, which test the oleoresin from the three kinds of citrus, exhibited significant antioxidant capacity. The component polymethoxyflavones contributed the greatest share of the overall antioxidant capacity, while the limonoid and phytosterol components effectively coordinated with its effects.

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“…Distillation has been commonly used in bio-based production processes, including the refining of biofuels and their derivatives [72][73][74][75][76][77]. In the area of bio-oil production, a distillation has been used in many studies.…”

Section: Distillationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, vacuum distillation seems to be a popular choice in upgrading the bio-oil/bio-oil residue to transport fuel [73,78,79], while other work has looked at making a range of products from bio-oils [80]. In these examples vacuum conditions are used to lower the boiling point of bio-oil products, while in Silvestre et al [75] vacuum distillation was used to carry out a separation on a heat sensitive compound. Reactive distillation is another form of distillation that is employed in the separation of bio-based production processes [73,74,81], where reaction and distillation steps are combined in one column.…”

Section: Distillationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives on Resource Recovery from Bio-Based Production Processes: From Concept to Implementation

Udugama

Mansouri

Mitić³

et al. 2017

Processes

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Abstract:Recovering valuable compounds from waste streams of bio-based production processes is in line with the circular economy paradigm, and is achievable by implementing "simple-to-use" and well-established process separation technologies. Such solutions are acceptable from industrial, economic and environmental points of view, implying relatively easy future implementation on pilot-and full-scale levels in the bio-based industry. Reviewing such technologies is therefore the focus here. Considerations about technology readiness level (TRL) and Net Present Value (NPV) are included in the review, since TRL and NPV contribute significantly to the techno-economic evaluation of future and promising process solutions. Based on the present review, a qualitative guideline for resource recovery from bio-based production processes is proposed. Finally, future approaches and perspectives toward identification and implementation of suitable resource recovery units for bio-based production processes are discussed.

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Fractionating of green mandarin ( Citrus deliciosa Tenore) essential oil by vacuum fractional distillation

Cited by 52 publications

References 9 publications

Traditional Small-Size Citrus from Taiwan: Essential Oils, Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity

Traditional Small-Size Citrus from Taiwan: Essential Oils, Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity

Volatile and Nonvolatile Constituents and Antioxidant Capacity of Oleoresins in Three Taiwan Citrus Varieties as Determined by Supercritical Fluid Extraction

Perspectives on Resource Recovery from Bio-Based Production Processes: From Concept to Implementation

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