Fractionalization, Polarization, and Economic Growth: Identifying the Transmission Channels

Papyrakis, Elissaios; Mo, Pak Hung

doi:10.1111/ecin.12070

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 97 publications

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“…The indirect and direct relationships between economic growth and ethnic fragmentation have been examined by Papyrakis and Mo () to conclude that, if taken into account in isolation, both ethnic polarization and fragmentation are linked to growth. It is a nexus that is contingent on other growth‐oriented features, notably: corruption‐control, investment, fertility and conflicts.…”

Section: Causes Of Poverty In Africa and Responses To The “Out Of Afrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(ii) Campbell and Pyun () have examined why societies are poor to find that contrary to the mainstream narrative, the relationship between GDP per capita and “genetic distance from the US” disappears after controlling for geography. (iii) Indirect and direct relationships between economic growth and ethnic fragmentation have been examined by Papyrakis and Mo (). (iv) Cook () establishes that prior to popular usage of effective vaccines and medicines, cross‐country genetic disparities are linked to positive aggregate health effects and the nexus between ancestral genetic diversity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is Poverty in the African DNA (Gene)?

Asongu

Kodila‐Tedika

2017

South African J Economics

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A 2015 World Bank report on attainment of Millennium Development Goals concludes that the number of extremely poor has dropped substantially in all regions with the exception of Sub-Saharan Africa. We assess if poverty is in the African gene by revisiting the findings of Ashraf and Galor (2013, AER) and reformulating the 'Out of Africa Hypothesis' into a 'Genetic Diversity Hypothesis' for a 'Within Africa Analysis'. We motivate this reformulation with five shortcomings arising for the most part from the 2015 findings of the African Gerome Variation Project, notably: limitations in the concept of space, African dummy in genetic diversity, linearity in migratory patterns, migratory origins and underpinnings of genetic diversity in Africa. Ashraf and Galor have concluded that crosscountry differences in development can be explained by genetic diversity in a Kuznets pattern. Our results from an exclusive African perspective confirm the underlying hypothesis in a contemporary context, but not in the historical analysis. From a historical context, the nexus is U-shaped for migratory distance, mobility index and predicted diversity while for the contemporary analysis; it is hump-shaped for ancestry-adjusted predicted diversity. Hence, poverty is not in the African gene from a within-Africa comparative standpoint. Policy implications are discussed.

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Section: Causes Of Poverty In Africa and Responses To The “Out Of Afrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Poverty in the African DNA (Gene)?

Asongu

Kodila‐Tedika

2017

South African J Economics

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“…These results are confirmed by Gören (2014). Papyrakis and Mo (2014) find that both ethnic fractionalization and ethnic polarization affect growth through the corruption channel. Desmet et al (2012) find that ethno-linguistic fractionalization has a negative effect on public goods and growth, while polarization is largely unrelated to growth.…”

Section: Literature Review and Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is it Ethnic Fractionalization or Social Exclusion, Which Affects Social Cohesion?

Staveren

Pervaiz

2015

Soc Indic Res

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The theory about missing links of economic growth often lags behind the empirical estimations of such links. A consensus has emerged that ethnic fractionalization has a negative impact on growth, also when controlled for income inequality. Often, although implicitly, the assumed channel is social cohesion. We analyse the effect of fractionalization on social cohesion with a different inequality measure, namely a social measure of inequality: the Inclusion of Minorities Index. Our results indicate that it is social exclusion, which reduces social cohesion, rather than diversity as such. We conclude that future studies of social cohesion and its relation to growth may benefit from using measures of social exclusion next to ethnic diversity.

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“…For instance, when probing the detrimental effect of ethnic fractionalisation (ELF) on economic growth, Papyrakis and Mo (2014) identify corruption as contributing most to ELF's inimical effect.…”

Section: Empirical Analyses Of Corruption's Growth Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corruption and economic growth: an absolute obstacle or some efficient grease?

2016

Economic and Political Studies

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The relationship between bureaucratic corruption and economic growth has been a much debated topic in the studies of economics and political science in the past decades. However, no theoretical consensus has been reached in this field. Corresponding to the divergence in theoretical perspectives, empirical evidence is mixed as well. As a fundamental step to examine the correlation between corruption and economic growth, this review provides a systematic review of the existing theoretical and empirical research on corruption's growth effects. Meanwhile, the definition and statistical measurement of corruption is also discussed. This review makes new contributions to the extant corruption literature since it not only incorporates the latest scholarship on the topic but highlights corruption's differential growth effects in different organisational, institutional and geographical contexts. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Fractionalization, Polarization, and Economic Growth: Identifying the Transmission Channels

Cited by 31 publications

References 97 publications

Is Poverty in the African DNA (Gene)?

Is Poverty in the African DNA (Gene)?

Is it Ethnic Fractionalization or Social Exclusion, Which Affects Social Cohesion?

Corruption and economic growth: an absolute obstacle or some efficient grease?

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