“…Experimental results show that the dynamic modulus is dependent on frequency, strain amplitude, and temperature (Wan et al, 2019), and those dependencies are often referred to as common phenomena for particle-enhanced rubber. Considering the rheological and viscoelastic properties of MRE, Bouc-Wen model (Bai et al, 2019; Yang et al, 2013) and Ramberg-Osgood model (Zhu et al, 2021b) were developed to represent the hysteretic properties, and the fractional derivative was introduced to describe the dynamic behavior (Graczykowski and PawlOwski, 2017; Nadzharyan et al, 2018; Nguyen et al, 2020; Poojary and Gangadharan, 2022).…”