Fractional Factorial Design Study on the Performance of GAC-Enhanced Electrocoagulation Process Involved in Color Removal from Dye Solutions

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of main factors and interactions on the color removal performance from dye solutions using the electrocoagulation process enhanced by adsorption on Granular Activated Carbon (GAC). In this study, a mathematical approach was conducted using a two-level fractional factorial design (FFD) for a given dye solution. Three textile dyes: Acid Blue 74, Basic Red 1, and Reactive Black 5 were used. Experimental factors used and their respective levels were: current density (2.73 or 27.32 A/m2), initial pH of aqueous dye solution (3 or 9), electrocoagulation time (20 or 180 min), GAC dose (0.1 or 0.5 g/L), support electrolyte (2 or 50 mM), initial dye concentration (0.05 or 0.25 g/L) and current type (Direct Current—DC or Alternative Pulsed Current—APC). GAC-enhanced electrocoagulation performance was analyzed statistically in terms of removal efficiency, electrical energy, and electrode material consumptions, using modeling polynomial equations. The statistical significance of GAC dose level on the performance of GAC enhanced electrocoagulation and the experimental conditions that favor the process operation of electrocoagulation in APC regime were determined. The local optimal experimental conditions were established using a multi-objective desirability function method.

Effects of inorganic electrolyte anions on enrichment of Cu(II) ions with aminated Fe3O4/graphene oxide: Cu(II) speciation prediction and surface charge measurement

“…The combined effect of the two factors is not the sum of their separate contributions, but it indicates antagonism or synergism between the two factors (Hsu et al, 2008;Tanboonchuy et al, 2012). According to FFD generation structure, the AD interaction (Cl À Â SO 4 2À ) is confounded with the EF interaction (CO 3 2À Â HPO 4 2À ) (Secula et al, 2013). From Fig.…”

“…In summary, in the system with presence of multiple background anions, the factorial effects of the six selected species on the adsorption of Cu(II) ions by AMGO were found to be in the following order: HPO 4 2À > CO 3 2À > Cl À > SO 4 2À > NO 3 À = ClO 4 À . The two-factor interaction effect can be determined as half the difference between the main effects of one factor at the two levels of a second factor (Mason et al, 1989;Secula et al, 2013). The combined effect of the two factors is not the sum of their separate contributions, but it indicates antagonism or synergism between the two factors (Hsu et al, 2008;Tanboonchuy et al, 2012).…”

Performance evaluation and optimization of electrocoagulation process to treat grey wastewater

“…Also it can be described by the fact that amount of formation Fe(OH) 3 flocs increased with respect to increase in treatment time due to dissolution of electrode, thus removal efficiency of TS and COD increased during EC process. The amount of iron electrode dissolved (D) was calculated [26] as follows:…”

Low-cost sorbents for the removal of acid dyes from aqueous solutions

“…The textile and leather industry can take advantage of these inexpensive and biodegradable sorbents, by using them for the treatment of wastewater (Gomes et al, 2016;Rangabhashiyam et al, 2013;Weng and Chen, 2015). Activated carbons obtained from lignocellulosic wastes of different origins have shown high adsorptive potential for different classes of dyes: activated carbon obtained from fruit peels (Foo and Hameed, 2011), fruit stones (Abbas and Trari, 2015;Hazzaa and Hussein, 2015) or wood sawdust (Malik, 2004) were reported to have good adsorptive affinity for both anionic and cationic dyes, in comparison with classic activated carbon (Secula et al, 2014) or with granular activated carbon coupled with electrocoagulation (Secula et al, 2013).…”