Fractional crystallization processes of magma beneath the Carlsberg Ridge (57°–65°E)

Zong, Tong; Han, Xiqiu; Liu, Jiqiang; Wang, Yejian; Qiu, Zhongyan

doi:10.1007/s00343-019-8328-1

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 47 publications

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“…They have SiO2 and MgO contents of 44.78-48.24 and 4.46-11.95 wt.%, respectively, and Mg # (100 × mol MgO/(MgO + FeO T )) values of 40-62. The samples have higher total Fe oxide (FeO T ) contents and lower Na2O contents than those of the Carlsberg Ridge MORBs (midocean ridge basalts) [24,25], indicating that they are derived from deeper mantle sources with lower degrees of melting than MORB sources [26,27]. The Pohnpei lavas are enriched in alkali elements (Na2O + K2O) and are classified as basalt, tephrite basanites, and minor trachybasalts in the (Na2O + K2O)-SiO2 plot (Figure 3).…”

Section: Major Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geochemical Constraints on Mantle Melting and Magma Genesis at Pohnpei Island, Micronesia

Zong

Dong

et al. 2020

Minerals

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The lithospheric mantle is of paramount importance in controlling the chemical composition of ocean island basalts (OIBs), influencing partial melting and magma evolution processes. To improve the understanding of these processes, the pressure–temperature conditions of mantle melting were investigated, and liquid lines of descent were modelled for OIBs on Pohnpei Island. The studied basaltic samples are alkalic, and can be classified as SiO2-undersaturated or SiO2-saturated series rocks, with the former having higher TiO2 and FeOT contents but with no distinct trace-element composition, suggesting melting of a compositionally homogenous mantle source at varying depths. Both series underwent sequential crystallization of olivine, clinopyroxene, Fe–Ti oxides, and minor plagioclase and alkali feldspar. Early magnetite crystallization resulted from initially high FeOT contents and oxygen fugacity, and late feldspar crystallization was due to initially low Al2O3 contents and alkali enrichment of the evolved magma. The Pohnpei lavas formed at estimated mantle-melting temperatures of 1486–1626 °C (average 1557 ± 43 °C, 1σ), and pressures of 2.9–5.1 GPa (average 3.8 ± 0.7 GPa), with the SiO2-undersaturated series forming at higher melting temperatures and pressures. Trace-element compositions further suggest that garnet rather than spinel was a residual phase in the mantle source during the melting process. Compared with the Hawaiian and Louisville seamount chains, Pohnpei Island underwent much lower degrees of mantle melting at greater depth, possibly due to a thicker lithosphere.

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