Fractal structures in perovskite-based solar cells

Оксенгендлер, Б. Л.; Ashurov, N. R.; Maksimov, S. E.; Uralov, I.Z.; Карпова, О. В.

doi:10.17586/2220-8054-2017-8-1-92-98

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The proposed mechanism is based on the assumptions about the confinement of electronic excitations and the commensurability of the number of surface and bulk electronic states [38] inherent in nanoscale objects. The zone model of Tamm (1932) modified with the use of fractal geometry makes it possible to consider the form factor of the surface of nanosized objects and can be used to describe the electro-surface effects considered in this work [34,39].…”

Section: Electronic Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to [34,39], for an ion located at the top of a convexity in the case of a convex surface, when calculating the Madelung energy, new additional regions of the crystal with ions located in them will no longer be enough. This immediately leads to a further shift of the "two Tamm levels" towards the middle of the forbidden band in Figure 9.…”

Section: Electronic Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Rectifying Contact of Hydrated Different Size YSZ Nanoparticles for Advanced Electronics

et al. 2022

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The paper considers the new effects of the nanoscale state of matter, which open up prospects for the development of electronic devices using new physical principles. The contacts of chemically homogeneous nanoparticles of yttrium-stabilized zirconium oxide (ZrO2—x mol% Y2O3, x = 0, 3, 4, 8; YSZ) with different sizes of 7.5 nm and 9 nm; 7.5 nm and 11 nm; and 7.5 nm and 14 nm, respectively, was studied on direct current using nanostructured objects in the form of compacts obtained by high-hydrostatic pressure (HP-compacts of 300MPa). A unique size effect of the nonlinear (rectifying-type contact) dependence of the electrical properties (in the region U < 2.5 V, I ≤ 2.7 mA) of the contact of different-sized YSZ nanoparticles of the same chemical composition is revealed, which indicates the possibility of creating semiconductor structures of a new type (homogeneous electronics). The electronic structure of the near-surface regions of nanoparticles of studied oxide materials and the possibility of obtaining specifically rectifying properties of the contacts were studied theoretically. Models of surface states of the Tamm-type are constructed considering the Coulomb long-range action. The discovered energy variance and its dependence on the curvature of the surface of nanoparticles made it possible to study the conditions for the formation of a contact potential difference in cases of nanoparticles of the same radius (synergistic effect), different radii (doped and undoped variants), as well as to discover the possibility of describing a group of powder particles within the Anderson model. The determined effect makes it possible to solve the problem of diffusion instability of semiconductor heterojunctions and opens up prospects for creating electronic devices with a fundamentally new level of properties for use in various fields of the economy and breakthrough critical technologies.

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Section: Electronic Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electronic Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Rectifying Contact of Hydrated Different Size YSZ Nanoparticles for Advanced Electronics

et al. 2022

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“…Finally, a sufficient increase of electron transport parameters was observed in niobium-doped TiO 2 nanorods, used for fabrication of PSCs with improved parameters [19]. The theoretical approach describing the structure of PSCs is discussed in [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Niobium-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles for electron transport layers in perovskite solar cells

Vildanova¹,

Козлов²,

Nikolskaia³

et al. 2017

Nanosystems: Phys. Chem. Math.

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Nb-doped TiO 2 nanoparticles with different doping concentrations, varied from 0 to 2.7 mol.%, were prepared by the sol-gel method followed by thermal treatment. The obtained nanoparticles were used to fabricate a series of electron transport layers for constructing perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The prepared layers were characterized using X-ray diffraction and optical transmission measurements. The effects of Nb doping concentration in TiO 2 layers on the optical absorption behavior, the morphology and charge carrier dynamics were studied. A series of PSCs, based on the developed electron transport layers was fabricated and examined. It was found that PSC fabricated with 2.7 mol.% Nb content TiO 2 electron transport layer have shown up to 19 % improvement of a power conversion efficiency compared to that, based on an undoped TiO 2 layer.

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“…The high specific surface area of fractal aggregates of different nature explains the possibility of their active participation in condensation processes, sorption processes, chemical reactions of heterogeneous catalysis and inhibition, and other applied areas [13]. Establishing the characteristics of these dependencies allows us to link the indicators of structural and phase nonuniformity in the development of new materials with changes in their physicochemical properties, as well as predicting the effect of the size of the fractal object and the spatial scale of its consideration [14][15][16][17][18][19][20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractal characterization of nanostructured materials

Коваленко¹

2019

Nanosystems: Phys. Chem. Math.

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The article presents a developed gradient-pixel method of fractal analysis and results of multifractal characterization of nano-structured materials with a high proportion of non-autonomous phases obtained from micrographs of their surface chips with high-resolution scanning microscopes. Compared with the black and white binarization option, the gray gradation improves the quality of multifractal analysis of nanostructured materials and expands its capabilities, in particular, the selection of multi-scale composite inclusions in the structure of the material and nano-objects on transparent or opaque basis. Establishing the characteristics of these dependencies permits linking the indicators of structural and phase nonuniformity in the development of new materials with changes in their physicochemical properties. In comparison with the fractal dimension of the Sierpinski carpet as a classic regular monofractal computed on the outlined basis, quite accurately coinciding with the known analytical value, the resulting spectrum of fractal dimensions of the synthesized chemical-catalytic and thermoelectric nanomaterials indicates the multifractal nature of their structural and phase nonuniformity according to the Rényi generalized equation.

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Fractal structures in perovskite-based solar cells

Cited by 4 publications

References 14 publications

The Rectifying Contact of Hydrated Different Size YSZ Nanoparticles for Advanced Electronics

The Rectifying Contact of Hydrated Different Size YSZ Nanoparticles for Advanced Electronics

Niobium-doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles for electron transport layers in perovskite solar cells

Fractal characterization of nanostructured materials

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