Fractal radar scattering from soil

Oleschko, Klaudia; Korvin, Gábor; Figueroa, Benjamin; Vuelvas, Marco Antonio; Balankin, Alexander S.; Flores, L. J.; Carreón, Dora

doi:10.1103/physreve.67.041403

Cited by 36 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Radar scattering models with nonstationary, self-affine statistics naturally incorporate the multiscale dependence of roughness and are in widespread use in other fields of radar geophysics (e.g. Shepard and Campbell, 1999;Franceschetti et al, 1999;Campbell and Shepard, 2003;Oleschko et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-affine subglacial roughness: consequences for radar scattering and basal water discrimination in northern Greenland

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Subglacial roughness can be determined at a variety of length scales from radio-echo sounding (RES) data either via statistical analysis of topography or inferred from basal radar scattering. Past studies have demonstrated that subglacial terrain exhibits self-affine (power law) roughness scaling behaviour, but existing radar scattering models do not take this into account. Here, using RES data from northern Greenland, we introduce a self-affine statistical framework that enables a consistent integration of topographicscale roughness with the electromagnetic theory of radar scattering. We demonstrate that the degree of radar scattering, quantified using the waveform abruptness (pulse peakiness), is topographically controlled by the Hurst (roughness power law) exponent. Notably, specular bed reflections are associated with a lower Hurst exponent, with diffuse scattering associated with a higher Hurst exponent. Abrupt waveforms (specular reflections) have previously been used as a RES diagnostic for basal water, and to test this assumption we compare our radar scattering map with a recent prediction for the basal thermal state. We demonstrate that the majority of thawed regions (above pressure melting point) exhibit a diffuse scattering signature, which is in contradiction to the prior approach. Self-affine statistics provide a generalised model for subglacial terrain and can improve our understanding of the relationship between basal properties and ice-sheet dynamics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-affine subglacial roughness: consequences for radar scattering and basal water discrimination in northern Greenland

et al. 2017

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“…Microwaves, such as those emitted by the GPR (Ground Penetrating Radar) antenna, backscattered from the soil are self-affine functions of time whose fractal dimension is close to the mass fractal dimension of the high-permittivity, moisture-filled pores in the soil. Our group's use of the radar (Oleschko et al, 2002(Oleschko et al, , 2003 to find the soil's fractal dimension has provoked great attention, and was viewed by Jaggard (2002) as an extension of Richardson's idea of measuring the jagged cost of Britain with yardsticks of progressively smaller size (Mandelbrot, 2002). "In radar" -wrote Jaggard -"the wavelength λ plays the role of the yardstick, while the backscattered intensity counts the number of λ-sized scatterers".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…"In radar" -wrote Jaggard -"the wavelength λ plays the role of the yardstick, while the backscattered intensity counts the number of λ-sized scatterers". The pore topology, as well as the roughness of pore/solid interfaces are all imprinted in the GPR record's wiggle traces (Oleschko et al, 2003), this information can be decoded from the recorded wave trains using Mandelbrot's (2002) Fractal Geometry Toolbox. In the present research we selected for this "decoding" two dimension-estimators, Rescaled-Range statistics and the wavelet technique (Benoit software, SCION Corp., 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mathematical model relating the GPR record's dimension to the mass fractal dimension of the Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union and the American Geophysical Union. 712 K. Oleschko et al: Mapping of moisture in scale invariant soil high-dielectric-permittivity points in the soil had been developed and calibrated by our group (Oleschko et al, 2002(Oleschko et al, , 2003 using a combination of laboratory experiments, computer simulation, and field tests (Oleschko et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mapping soil fractal dimension in agricultural fields with GPR

Oleschko¹,

Korvin

Muñoz³

et al. 2008

Nonlin. Processes Geophys.

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Abstract. We documented that the mapping of the fractal dimension of the backscattered Ground Penetrating Radar traces (Fractal Dimension Mapping, FDM) accomplished over heterogeneous agricultural fields gives statistically sound combined information about the spatial distribution of Andosol' dielectric permittivity, volumetric and gravimetric water content, bulk density, and mechanical resistance under seven different management systems. The roughness of the recorded traces was measured in terms of a single number H , the Hurst exponent, which integrates the competitive effects of volumetric water content, pore topology and mechanical resistance in space and time. We showed the suitability to combine the GPR traces fractal analysis with routine geostatistics (kriging) in order to map the spatial variation of soil properties by nondestructive techniques and to quantify precisely the differences under contrasting tillage systems. Three experimental plots with zero tillage and 33, 66 and 100% of crop residues imprinted the highest roughness to GPR wiggle traces (mean H R/S =0.15), significantly different to Andosol under conventional tillage (H R/S =0.47).

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“…Therefore, this research conducts an analysis using Fractal Geometry. It was used to study temperature changes and storage, and its dynamics represent a useful tool to have a better understanding of the attributes of the analyzed system and the existing correlations between physical and fractal variables [27,28]. In 1975, Benoit Mandelbrot, established the basis for a new geometry known as fractal geometry, which is being developed to a greater extent in the interest of its applications in fields such as Economy [29], Electrochemistry [30], Biology [31], Engineering [32,33], and Bio-reactors [34], among others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Storage Systems Assessment for Energy Sustainability in Housing Units

et al. 2016

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Abstract:In order to achieve greater enhancements in energy sustainability for housing, the function and efficiency of two different passive cooling systems were studied: encapsulated water in recycled bottles of Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polystyrene plates, in comparison with standard concrete slab systems, which are customarily used in housing. Experiments were placed over a tile surface, in which temperature changes were monitored for a period of 20 days from 08:00 to 20:00. The efficiency of passive thermal storage systems was endorsed through statistical analysis using the "SPSS" software. This resulted in a 17% energy saving, thus promoting energy sustainability in housing units, which reduces the use of electrical appliances required to stabilize conditions to achieve optimum thermal comfort for the human body inside a house, therefore, reducing electrical power consumption, CO 2 emissions to the atmosphere and generating savings. Due to the complexity of a system with temperature changes, a fractal analysis was performed for each experimental system, using the "Benoit" software (V.1.3 with self-compatible tools of rescaled range (R/S) and a wavelets method), showing that the thermal fluctuations on the tiles with the thermal storage system adapt to the rescaled range analysis and the regular tiles adapt to the wavelets method.

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Fractal radar scattering from soil

Cited by 36 publications

References 38 publications

Self-affine subglacial roughness: consequences for radar scattering and basal water discrimination in northern Greenland

Self-affine subglacial roughness: consequences for radar scattering and basal water discrimination in northern Greenland

Mapping soil fractal dimension in agricultural fields with GPR

Thermal Storage Systems Assessment for Energy Sustainability in Housing Units

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