Fractal Cardioid Slot Antenna for Super Wideband Applications

Abstract

A new geometry for uniplanar, ultra-wideband monopole antenna has been proposed for operations in the 1.8–30 GHz band, thanks to its fractal structure in the form of a cardioid. The antenna has extremely small dimensions at 0.21λ × 0.285λ at the lowest frequency of 1.8 GHz. A parametric analysis of the influence of certain antenna dimensions on its characteristics was performed in order to achieve the widest possible impedance bandwidth. This antenna is designed for low-cost FR-4 substrate because it is primarily intended for use in broadband energy harvesting and IoT systems, but it is also suitable for applications in communication systems. Simulation results show that the antenna has a reflection coefficient (S11) below −10 dB in the entire 1.8 GHz to 30 GHz frequency range, which covers all existing cellular bands: 3G, 4G, 5G Wi-Fi, ISM, satellite communication and radar bands. The antenna exhibits gains up to 5 dBi.

Módszertani innovációk és alkalmazásaik a szívgörbe projekt alapú tanulásában

“…Jellemz ően egysávos antenna, amelyet leggyakrabban a földi kommunikációban használnak [5]. A kardioid formát tartalmazó fraktálok használata az antennákban lehet ővé teszi az összes kereskedelmi frekvenciasáv lefedését az 1,8-30 GHz-es frekvenciatartományban, miközben az antenna kis mérete megmarad a fraktálok térkitölt ő képességének köszönhet ően, ezért a fraktál antenna felhasználható az energiabegy űjt ő rendszerekben, valamint a IoT, WLAN, mobil MIMO és m űholdas kommunikációs rendszerekben és radarokban is [6]. Parallel módon a kardioid a hangtechnikában is jelent ős szereppel bír.…”

A Small-scaled Super Wideband Circular Ring Fractal Antenna with High BDR for SHF Applications

“…Results confirmed that the proposed antenna is miniaturized by 4.30% compared to the smallest prototype and provides a wider operating bandwidth than other designs. The proposed design also offers better RBW and FBW than [7][8][9][10][11][16][17][18] with higher BDR [15]. Furthermore, the proposed design offers a high peak gain compared to the designs listed in Table 2.…”

“…Through a combination of a flower-shaped radiator and an elliptical ground plane, a bandwidth of 3.7 to more than 60 GHz was achieved with an FBW of greater than 176.76% and a BDR of 2780.108. In [18], a slot antenna was presented for SWB applications. The IBW in the frequency range of 1.8-30 GHz was achieved by using a cardioid-like radiating structure and a slot.…”

Analytical Modelling of Trapezoidal Monopole Structured Antenna for Wi-Fi, Industrial Scientific and Medical, and Wireless Communication System Applications

“…A 50 ohm impedance feed line is perfectly matched with a corner twisted-type rectangular radiating structure on the upper side and to the defective ground surface. The designed antenna has triple broad notch band characteristics between the WLAN band at 4-6 GHz, the satellite communication band at 7.6-9.8 GHz, and the 10.5-11.5 GHz band [15]. A unique heart symbol-shaped electrically compact antenna attached to a planar AMC-artificial magnetic conductor on an FSS-frequency selection surface for use in WLAN (i.e., 5.8 GHz) and WiMAX (i.e., 3.5 GHz) applications is designed in [16].…”