Fractal analysis of the normal human retinal fluorescein angiogram

Landini, Gabriel; Misson, Gary P.; Murray, Philip I.

doi:10.3109/02713689308999492

Cited by 70 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The validity of this method is confirmed by the concordance between the mass dimension values of the optic nerve head in the control group obtained by us and the fractal indexes obtained in normal retinal vessel by other Authors [25][26][27][28][29]. These values correspond to the complexity value of a diffusion limited aggregation (DLA) model [30], characteristic of many physiological structures [31][32][33].…”

supporting

confidence: 59%

Mass Dimension Evaluation of the Optic Nerve Head Microvascularity in Non-Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathies

Bianciardi¹

2016

Int J Oral Craniofac Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In several diseases, fractal analysis has been proven useful to give contribution in diagnosis and prognosis of the patient and to improve treatments. In the present work we have evaluated the mass dimension of the vascular pattern of optic nerve head in non-glaucomatous optic neuropathic patients and healthy controls. Static fluorescein angiogram was performed and the images of the early venous phase were saved. A manual outline of the trajectories of the two-dimensional vascular network was performed down to vessels of 20 micron diameter, processed to threshold the vessel network without background interference and converted into an outline of single pixels and then the fractal analysis was performed. Mass dimension evaluation of the optic nerve head microvascularity was able to differentiate health condition vs. non-glaucomatous neuropathies (p<0.01), as well optic neuritis vs. nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (p<0.01), with high sensitivity and specificity (p<0.0001; p<0.0001). Mass dimension index shows a significantly increased vascular complexity of the optic nerve head in cases compared with controls, also permitting to distinguish between patients affected by optic neuritis vs. nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. This new, fast, unexpensive, methodology may be used in helping the clinician to perform the differential diagnosis between the pathologies and to study the effect of therapies during the follow up of the patient.(NAION) is difficult to be performed on clinical grounds, both giving overlapping clinical profiles [15]. However, it is fundamental to establish an early differential diagnosis, having the ON patient a clear tendency to develop multiple sclerosis, a disease where therapies should be performed as early as possible [16]. In order to verify whether the fractal analysis of the optic nerve head microvascularity could help in the differential diagnosis between ON and NAION, we have evaluated the mass dimension of the optic nerve head vascular pattern, as revealed by fluorescein angiography. SubjectsPatients with unilateral NAION or unilateral idiopathic ON were recruited from the Department of Ophthalmology of the University of Siena. Each patient underwent a complete neuro-ophthalmic examination, including assessment of visual acuity, colour vision, papillary reaction, slit-lamp examination, applanation tonometry, Goldman visual field testing, visual evoked potentials, dilated fundoscopy and fluorescein angiogram.The criteria for patients' admittance with NAION to the study were: unilateral disc swelling with clinical features consistent with NAION [16], no recovery of visual function in the first month of follow up, exclusion of arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy either on clinical grounds or following a negative temporal artery biopsy, negative magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and orbits, no other ocular pathology, no neurological diseases that might influence or explain the patient's visual symptoms. The patient admittance criteria wi...

show abstract

supporting

confidence: 59%

Mass Dimension Evaluation of the Optic Nerve Head Microvascularity in Non-Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathies

Bianciardi¹

2016

Int J Oral Craniofac Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Different methods have been used for the calculation of the fractal dimension (17,(22)(23)(24)(25)(26). Family et al (17) calculated the fractal dimension (D) of the vascular pattern of the human retina using mass radius (D = 1.71 ± 0.07) and correlation (D = 1.72 ± 0.03) methods, but did not observe a significant difference between them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can the fractal dimension be applied for the early diagnosis of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy?

Kunicki

Oliveira

Mendonca

et al. 2009

Braz J Med Biol Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…[7][8][9][10] Many of these studies have shown that the normal retinal vasculature also exhibits fractal geometry and demonstrates a FD of approximately 1.7. 11,12 Given that microvascular diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension, result in changes to the microvascular architecture, 13 it may be hypothesized that the loss of smaller vessel branches would reduce the FD.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractal Dimensional Analysis of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Eyes With Diabetic Retinopathy

Zahid

Dolz-Marco

Freund

et al. 2016

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

160

127

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Citation: Zahid S, Dolz-Marco R, Freund KB, et al. Fractal dimensional analysis of optical coherence tomography angiography in eyes with diabetic retinopathy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2016;57:4940-4947. DOI:10.1167/iovs.16-19656 PURPOSE. We used fractal dimensional analysis to analyze retinal vascular disease burden in eyes with diabetic retinopathy using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). METHODS.A retrospective study was performed of 13 eyes with diabetic retinopathy without diabetic macular edema and 56 control eyes. Optical coherence tomography angiography images were acquired using the RTVue XR Avanti. Automated segmentation was obtained through the superficial and deep capillary plexuses for each eye. Grayscale OCTA images were standardized and binarized using ImageJ. Fractal box-counting analyses were performed using Fractalyse. Fractal dimensions (FD) as well as software-generated vascular density analyses of the superficial and deep capillary plexuses were compared between diabetic and control eyes using 2-tailed t-tests and 1-way multivariate ANOVA (MANOVA) analyses. RESULTS.The superficial and deep plexuses from diabetic and control eyes were analyzed. The average FD for diabetic eyes was significantly lower than control eyes for the superficial (P ¼ 4.513 3 10 À3 ) and deep (P ¼ 2.653 3 10 À3 ) capillary plexuses. In diabetic eyes, the vascular density also was significantly reduced in the superficial (P ¼ 8.068 3 10 À5 ) and deep (P ¼ 3.120 3 10 À6 ) capillary plexuses. One-way MANOVA showed a significant difference between diabetic and control eyes.CONCLUSIONS. The OCTA FD is significantly reduced in the superficial and deep capillary plexuses in eyes with diabetic retinopathy. Applying fractal analysis to OCTA imaging holds the potential to establish quantitative parameters for microvascular pathology.

show abstract

Fractal analysis of the normal human retinal fluorescein angiogram

Cited by 70 publications

References 10 publications

Mass Dimension Evaluation of the Optic Nerve Head Microvascularity in Non-Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathies

Mass Dimension Evaluation of the Optic Nerve Head Microvascularity in Non-Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathies

Can the fractal dimension be applied for the early diagnosis of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy?

Fractal Dimensional Analysis of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Eyes With Diabetic Retinopathy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About