Fractal analysis of lumbar vertebral cancellous bone architecture

Feltrin, Giampietro; Macchi, Veronica; Saccavini, Claudio; Tosi, E.; Dus, C.; Fassina, Ambrogio; Parenti, Anna; De, Raffaele

doi:10.1002/ca.1076

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Fractal lacunarity analysis of TBA represents the most intriguing benefit of the proposed method. In fact, fractal analysis has been becoming a common tool to quantify TBA complexity; however, only fractal dimension is applied and generally measured by the Hmean parameter [26,28,51] . As mentioned above, fractal lacunarity appears the most suitable tool to analyze TB texture as it has the potential to describe both bone network discontinuity and sizes of trabecular spaces, changes of which are an index of increased bone fragility [58] .…”

Section: Peculiarity Of the Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fractal lacunarity of trabecular bone and magnetic resonance imaging: New perspectives for osteoporotic fracture risk assessment

Alimazighi¹

2015

WJO

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Osteoporosis represents one major health condition for our growing elderly population. It accounts for severe morbidity and increased mortality in postmenopausal women and it is becoming an emerging health concern even in aging men. Screening of the population at risk for bone degeneration and treatment assessment of osteoporotic patients to prevent bone fragility fractures represent useful tools to improve quality of life in the elderly and to lighten the related socio-economic impact. Bone mineral density (BMD) estimate by means of dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry is normally used in clinical practice for osteoporosis diagnosis. Nevertheless, BMD alone does not represent a good predictor of fracture risk. From a clinical point of view, bone microarchitecture seems to be an intriguing aspect to characterize bone alteration patterns in aging and pathology. The widening into clinical practice of medical imaging techniques and the impressive advances in information technologies together with enhanced capacity of power calculation have promoted proliferation of new methods to assess changes of trabecular bone architecture (TBA) during aging and osteoporosis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has recently arisen as a useful tool to measure bone structure in vivo . In particular, high-resolution MRI techniques have introduced new perspectives for TBA characterization by non-invasive non-ionizing methods. However, texture analysis methods have not found favor with clinicians as they produce quite a few parameters whose interpretation is difficult. The introduction in biomedical field of paradigms, such as theory of complexity, chaos, and fractals, suggests new approaches and provides innovative tools to develop computerized methods that, by producing a limited number of parameters sensitive to pathology onset and progression, would speed up their application into clinical practice. Complexity of living beings and fractality of several physio-anatomic structures suggest fractal analysis as a promising approach to quantify morphofunctional changes in both aging and pathology. In this particular context, fractal lacunarity seems to be the proper tool to characterize TBA texture as it is able to describe both discontinuity of bone network and sizes of bone marrow spaces, whose changes are an index of bone fracture risk. In this paper, an original method of MRI texture analysis, based on TBA fractal lacunarity is described and discussed in the light of new perspectives for early diagnosis of osteoporotic fractures.

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Section: Peculiarity Of the Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most of them uses axial radio graphic images [28,29] or computer tomography, CT, projections [30] to in vivo characterize trabecular bone architecture (TBA).…”

Section: Osteoporosis and Medical Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fractal lacunarity of trabecular bone and magnetic resonance imaging: New perspectives for osteoporotic fracture risk assessment

Alimazighi¹

2015

WJO

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“…After formalin fixation for 24 hr, contact radiographs (Kodak) of the specimens were imaged via microradiography (Gilardoni Microlight, 30 KVp, 50 mA, 2 min) (Feltrin et al, 2001). …”

Section: Radiologic In Vitro Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlation between the course of the medial plantar artery and the morphology of the abductor hallucis muscle

et al. 2005

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The abductor hallucis muscle flap is commonly used as a proximally-based flap in the management of ankle, heel, and midfoot lesions, where it is ideally suited for closing defects. This study investigates the anatomical details of this muscle in 13 fresh male cadavers. The medial plantar artery (MPA) was studied by dissection and macroscopic analyses to document the relationship of its superficial and deep branches with respect to the abductor hallucis muscle (AHM). Three main patterns could be described. In Pattern A (54%) the MPA divides into two branches. The deep branch reaches the deep surface of the AHM, supplying its proximal part, and the superficial branch courses between the AHM and the flexor digitorum brevis, to end as the first plantar metatarsal artery. The latter supplies two to three small branches to the distal part of the AHM. The fibers of the AHM end symmetrically on the two sides of the tendon and the muscle presents an arciform shape. The MPA, in Pattern B (38%), lacks a deep branch and continues along the lateral border of the AHM as a superficial branch that supplies proximal and distal collaterals to the muscle. The muscle fibers of the AHM end mainly on the medial side of the tendon. The muscle belly presents an arciform shape and is located on the medial margin of the foot superomedially with respect to Pattern A. In Pattern C (8%) the MPA continues as a large deep branch on the deep surface of the AHM and ends as the medial collateral artery of the big toe. A smaller superficial branch of the MPA provides a few collaterals to the AHM from its proximal part and to the flexor digitorum brevis in its distal part. The AHM fibers end mainly on the lateral side of the tendon and morphologically the muscle presents a straight line on the sole of the foot compared to Pattern A. Although Patterns B and C, from a surgical point of view, necessitate interruption of the main trunk of the MPA, Pattern A may permit the vascularization of the muscles of the medial side of the sole of the foot by the superficial trunk of the MPA. Because preoperative radiological study of the plantar vessels correlate with the morphological characteristics of the AHM observed during surgery, such imaging may be useful in determining the appropriate flap design based on the patient's unique pattern of MPA branching.

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“…Trabecular shape and surfaces complexity appear to be also altered under pathological conditions, with less irregular and less complex bone surfaces [61].…”

Section: State Of the Art In Trabecular Bone Characterization Quantimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The trabecular bone relationship of D with other bone quality parameters has been assessed in different studies [55,61,64]. However, only a reduced number of studies have analyzed the 3D complexity of the trabecular bone network of volumetric reconstructions obtained from multidetector row CT (MDCT) and synchrotron microtomography (µCT) images [50,65].…”

Section: State Of the Art In Trabecular Bone Characterization Quantimentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo morphometric and mechanical characterization of trabecular bone from high resolution magnetic resonance imaging

ALBERICH BAYARRI

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A mí me interesa todo lo que supone trabajo y voluntad; a mí me interesa toda persona que tiene un ideal y procura realizarlo."El Papa del mar", Valencia 1925. Vicente Blasco Ibáñez (1867 -1928 AcknowledgementsIt is my pleasure to gratefully thank all the people that made this thesis possible; they are all key participants of this work. He offered me to be in charge of the investigation in image processing applied to osteoporosis and trabecular bone. David, thank you for opening the doors of research and medical imaging for me, you have been not only a great advisor, but also a faithful companion.My research was physically being performed at the Radiology Department of Quirón Hospital. I will never forget the first time I crossed the 'no entry' glass doors of the department to meet Luis and start planning my work; at that moment I felt that it was going to mean a before and an after in my life. There, I also discovered that everything can be planned in a small napkin. As a lover of medicine, mathematics and whole science, Dr. Luis Martí-Bonmatí is one of those advanced minds that support the combination of medicine and engineering, a reference not only in research but also in human behavior. Thank you Luis, for being my mentor and giving me the opportunity of enrolling in this exciting professional career. It is also a pleasure for me to express my sincere gratitude to the people from Philips Healthcare, who have provided great support to the thesis. Thank you Javier for your permanent collaboration and for those unforgettable moments in front of the magnet improving MR sequences. I have learned a lot from you.Han, Carmen and Fran, thank you for encouraging me in my work.I would like to cite here a group of friends who are very special for me: Víctor, Pedro, José Antonio and Pere, the best industrial engineers of Zaragoza. It all started in a summer course in El Escorial, Madrid. The charm of the place defined a friendship that has grown stronger and stronger through time. We are now mutual hosts either in Zaragoza or Valencia; friends, thank you so much for your support and for introducing me to the finite element method. The developed methodology was applied to a population of healthy subjects in order to obtain normality values of the cancellous bone. The algorithms were also applied to a population of patients with osteoporosis in order to quantify the variations of the parameters due to the disease and evaluate the differences with the results obtained in an age-matched healthy group.Finally, an evaluation of the reproducibility of the methods was performed by the calculation of the morphometry and mechanical parameters from repeated MR acquisitions performed to 5 sheep tibiae in three consecutive days. The validation of the measurements was also assessed by a comparison of the results with the same sheep tibiae acquired at higher spatial resolutions by micro computed tomography (µCT).The proposed methodological developments and clinical applications provide satisfactory results, with a high sensitivit...

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Fractal analysis of lumbar vertebral cancellous bone architecture

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

Fractal lacunarity of trabecular bone and magnetic resonance imaging: New perspectives for osteoporotic fracture risk assessment

Fractal lacunarity of trabecular bone and magnetic resonance imaging: New perspectives for osteoporotic fracture risk assessment

Correlation between the course of the medial plantar artery and the morphology of the abductor hallucis muscle

In vivo morphometric and mechanical characterization of trabecular bone from high resolution magnetic resonance imaging

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