FPGA based charge fast histogramming for GEM detector

Poźniak, Krzysztof T.; Byszuk, A.; Chernyshova, M.; Cieszewski, Radosław; Czarski, Tomasz; Dominik, W.; Jakubowska, K.; Kasprowicz, G.; Rzadkiewicz, J.; Scholz, M.; Zabołotny, W.

doi:10.1117/12.2037047

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The results are stored in the DDR3 memory and transferred to the PC unit using PCI-Express interface. 16 FMC slots are available in the system providing 256 measurement channels, with sampling speed of 77 MHz [9].…”

Section: Hardware Histogramming Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multichannel reconfigurable measurement system for hot plasma diagnostics based on GEM-2D detector

Wojeński

Kasprowicz

Poźniak

et al. 2015

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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Section: Hardware Histogramming Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multichannel reconfigurable measurement system for hot plasma diagnostics based on GEM-2D detector

Wojeński

Kasprowicz

Poźniak

et al. 2015

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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“…The system detects events and calculates soft X-ray (SXR) photons histograms using both-energy and position bins. All calculations are performed in FPGAs [11]. The histogramming algorithm detects and counts the signals that are corrupted (i.e., saturated or overlapped in time or in space).…”

Section: Gem System For Kx1 Diagnostics At Jet In Culhammentioning

confidence: 99%

FPGA and Embedded Systems Based Fast Data Acquisition and Processing for GEM Detectors

et al. 2018

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Gas electron multiplier (GEM) detectors (Sauli in Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A 805:2-24, 2016. https://doi.org/10. 1016/j.nima.2015.07.060 (special issue in memory of Glenn F. Knoll); Buzulutskov in Instrum Exp Tech 50(3):287-310, 2007. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020441207030013) are widely used for detection of ionizing radiation. When used in the proportional mode, they provide information about time, location, and energy of a detected particle (Chernyshova et al. in Fusion Eng Design, 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.03.107; Altunbas et al. in Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A 490(1-2):177-203, 2002. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(02)00910-5. http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/ pii/S0168900202009105). Modern technologies allow full utilization of detector properties, by acquiring the waveform of output current pulses and processing them using sophisticated digital signal processing (DSP) algorithms. The current pulses must be digitized at high speed (up to 125 MHz) with high resolution (up to 12-bits). Due to the high volume of the produced data, it is necessary to provide the high-performance data acquisition system (DAQ) to transmit the data to processing units. Efficient processing of the GEM data requires distributed parallel processing system to perform multiple tasks (Czarski et al. in Rev Sci Instrum 87(11), 11E336, 2016. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4961559): (1) Filter out the background and transmit only hit related data. (2) Extract the parameters of a hit, describing the time and charge (related to energy). (3) Estimate the hit position by combining information from multiple anode pads. (4) In case of 2D GEM detectors, correlate pulses received from X and Y pads (pixels) or W, U and V pads (pixels). (5) Separate the hits overlapping in space or in time (if possible) to support detector operation at higher rates. The above functionalities may be achieved in different hardware architectures. The typical hardware platforms include FPGA chips, standard or embedded computer systems with different computation accelerators (Wojenski et al. in J Instrum 11(11):C11035, 2016. http://stacks. iop.org/1748-0221/11/i=11/a=C11035; Nowak et al. in J Phys Conf Ser 513(5):052-024, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1088/ 1742-6596/513/5/052024. http://stacks.iop.org/1742-6596/513/i=5/a=052024?key=crossref.c5912cfa72c30b309821e14c43 84948f. The paper shows possible solutions with their feasibility for particular applications.

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“…The aim of detector signals processing is to estimate energy and position distribution of the individual photons for each channel with 1 ms of real time resolution [27]. At the same time it must give -8 -…”

Section: Processing Electronics Design and Data Acquisition Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conceptual design and development of GEM based detecting system for tomographic tungsten focused transport monitoring

et al. 2015

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Implementing tungsten as a plasma facing material in ITER and future fusion reactors will require effective monitoring of not just its level in the plasma but also its distribution. That can be successfully achieved using detectors based on Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM) technology. This work presents the conceptual design of the detecting unit for poloidal tomography to be tested at the WEST project tokamak. The current stage of the development is discussed covering aspects which include detector's spatial dimensions, gas mixtures, window materials and arrangements inside and outside the tokamak ports, details of detector's structure itself and details of the detecting module electronics. It is expected that the detecting unit under development, when implemented, will add to the safe operation of tokamak bringing the creation of sustainable nuclear fusion reactors a step closer.

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FPGA based charge fast histogramming for GEM detector

Cited by 17 publications

References 6 publications

Multichannel reconfigurable measurement system for hot plasma diagnostics based on GEM-2D detector

Multichannel reconfigurable measurement system for hot plasma diagnostics based on GEM-2D detector

FPGA and Embedded Systems Based Fast Data Acquisition and Processing for GEM Detectors

Conceptual design and development of GEM based detecting system for tomographic tungsten focused transport monitoring

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