FoxP3⁺ regulatory T cells, interleukin 17 and mast cells in chronic inflammatory periodontal disease

Abstract

Based on the findings of this study, we suggest that the source of low levels of IL17A in periodontal tissues is mast cells not Th17 cells and that Tregs may have a more prominent role in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease than Th17 cells.

Porphyromonas gingivalisinduces the production of interleukin-31 by human mast cells, resulting in dysfunction of the gingival epithelial barrier

“…However, the permeability in the Ca9‐22 cells treated with culture supernatant from P. gingivalis stimulated‐HMC‐1 cells was increased as compared with untreated Ca9‐22 cells (Figure g). Mast cells accumulate at inflammatory site of periodontal tissue of patients with chronic periodontitis (E Ribeiro, dos Santos, Rocha, & Cury, ; Huang et al, ) and produce TGF‐β, matrix metalloproteinases, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, or IL‐17, leading to the destruction of periodontal tissues (Myint et al, ; Naesse et al, ; Parachuru, Coates, Milne, Rich, & Seymour, ). Moreover, mast cells release TNF‐α and IL‐6 in response to P. gingivalis infection and induce alveolar bone loss in mice (Malcolm et al, ).…”

“…site of periodontal tissue of patients with chronic periodontitis(E Ribeiro, dos Santos, Rocha, & Cury, 2018;Huang et al, 2014) and produce TGF-β, matrix metalloproteinases, tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, or IL-17, leading to the destruction of periodontal tissues(Myint et al, 2002;Naesse et al, 2003;Parachuru, Coates, Milne, Rich, & Seymour, 2018). Moreover, mast cells release TNF-α and IL-6 in response to P. gingivalis infection and induce alveolar bone loss in mice(Malcolm et al, 2016).…”

FOXP3+ and CD25+ cells are reduced in patients with stage IV, grade C periodontitis: A comparative clinical study

“…In fact, some studies have shown that several subgroups of T cells can be observed in periodontal disease, including Th1, Th2, Th17 and Tregs . However, this is the first study emphasizing the presence and distribution of Tregs in periodontitis‐affected tissue samples based on the staging and grading of periodontitis .…”

“…Thus, considering only lymphocyte subsets in periodontal disease, they were assessed by immunohistochemistry through CD45, CD3, CD4, CD8, TIA‐1, granzyme B, CD16, CD28 and CD56 for T cells, as well as CD20 and CD19 for B cells. The Tregs were evaluated through FOXP3 and CD4 . In a recent study, which assessed healthy/gingivitis and chronic periodontitis specimens, a similar distribution of FOXP3+ cells was observed .…”

“…The Tregs were evaluated through FOXP3 and CD4 . In a recent study, which assessed healthy/gingivitis and chronic periodontitis specimens, a similar distribution of FOXP3+ cells was observed . However, none of the previous studies has evaluated the presence and distribution of Treg immunomarkers (CD4, CD25 and FOXP3) in periodontitis‐affected tissue samples considering its different stages and degrees.…”