Abstract:The transcription factor forkhead box D3 (FOXD3) plays a crucial role in the development of neural crest cells. However, the function and underlying mechanisms of FOXD3 in the progression of neuroblastoma (NB), an embryonal tumor that is derived from the neural crest, still remain largely unknown. Here, we report that FOXD3 is an important oncosuppressor of NB tumorigenicity and aggressiveness. We found that FOXD3 was down-regulated in NB tissues and cell lines. Patients with high FOXD3 expression have greater… Show more
“…Mutation of miR-584-5p binding site was established with GeneTailor™ Site-Directed Mutagenesis System (Invitrogen) and PCR primers (Supplementary Table S2). Dual-luciferase assay was performed as previously described [11,21,[27][28][29][30]. For promoter and 3′-UTR activity, the luciferase signal was normalized by firefly/Renilla and Renilla/firefly ratio, respectively.…”
Section: Luciferase Reporter Assaymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was performed according to the instructions of EZ-ChIP kit (Upstate Biotechnology, Temecula, CA) [27][28][29][30][31] with antibodies for AGO1, AGO2, zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), and histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2; Upstate Biotechnology). Lysates were treated with either RNase H (10 U) or RNase A (20 μg) prior to immunoprecipitation.…”
Section: Chromatin Immunoprecipitationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Cell migration was photographed using 10 high-power fields, at 0, 24 h post-induction of injury. Remodeling was determined as previously described [11,21,28,31].…”
Section: Scratch Migration Assaymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…HUVECs were serum starved in RPMI1640 medium for 24 h, suspended in RPMI1640 medium preconditioned with tumor cells, added to matrigel-coated wells at the density of 5 × 10 4 cells/well, and incubated at 37°C for 18 h. Quantification of antiangiogenic activity was calculated as previously described [21,22,28].…”
Matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP-14) is a membrane-anchored MMP crucial for tumorigenesis and aggressiveness, and is highly expressed in neuroblastoma (NB), the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood. Recent evidence shows the emerging roles of endogenous promoter-targeting microRNAs (miRNAs) in regulating gene transcription. However, the roles of miRNAs in the transcription of MMP-14 still remain largely unknown. In this study, through mining computational algorithm program and Argonaute-chromosome interaction dataset, we identified one binding site of miRNA-584-5p (miR-584-5p) within the MMP-14 promoter. In NB tissues, miR-584-5p was under-expressed and inversely correlated with MMP-14 expression, and was an independent prognostic factor for favorable outcome of patients. miR-584-5p precursor attenuated the expression of MMP-14 in a Dicer-dependent manner, resulting in decreased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, in cultured NB cell lines. In addition, miR-584-5p suppressed the promoter activity of MMP-14, and mutation of miR-584-5p binding site abolished these effects. Mechanistically, miR-584-5p recruited Argonaute 2 to facilitate the enrichment of enhancer of zeste homolog 2, histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation, and histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation on MMP-14 promoter in NB cells, which was abolished by repressing the miR-584-5p-promoter interaction. Gain- and loss-of-function studies demonstrated that miR-584-5p suppressed the growth, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis of NB cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, restoration of MMP-14 expression rescued the NB cells from changes in these biological features. Taken together, these results indicate that promoter-targeting miR-584-5p exerts tumor suppressive functions in NB through repressing the transcription of MMP-14.
“…Mutation of miR-584-5p binding site was established with GeneTailor™ Site-Directed Mutagenesis System (Invitrogen) and PCR primers (Supplementary Table S2). Dual-luciferase assay was performed as previously described [11,21,[27][28][29][30]. For promoter and 3′-UTR activity, the luciferase signal was normalized by firefly/Renilla and Renilla/firefly ratio, respectively.…”
Section: Luciferase Reporter Assaymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay was performed according to the instructions of EZ-ChIP kit (Upstate Biotechnology, Temecula, CA) [27][28][29][30][31] with antibodies for AGO1, AGO2, zeste homolog 2 (EZH2), histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3), and histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation (H3K9me2; Upstate Biotechnology). Lysates were treated with either RNase H (10 U) or RNase A (20 μg) prior to immunoprecipitation.…”
Section: Chromatin Immunoprecipitationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Cell migration was photographed using 10 high-power fields, at 0, 24 h post-induction of injury. Remodeling was determined as previously described [11,21,28,31].…”
Section: Scratch Migration Assaymentioning
confidence: 99%
“…HUVECs were serum starved in RPMI1640 medium for 24 h, suspended in RPMI1640 medium preconditioned with tumor cells, added to matrigel-coated wells at the density of 5 × 10 4 cells/well, and incubated at 37°C for 18 h. Quantification of antiangiogenic activity was calculated as previously described [21,22,28].…”
Matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP-14) is a membrane-anchored MMP crucial for tumorigenesis and aggressiveness, and is highly expressed in neuroblastoma (NB), the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood. Recent evidence shows the emerging roles of endogenous promoter-targeting microRNAs (miRNAs) in regulating gene transcription. However, the roles of miRNAs in the transcription of MMP-14 still remain largely unknown. In this study, through mining computational algorithm program and Argonaute-chromosome interaction dataset, we identified one binding site of miRNA-584-5p (miR-584-5p) within the MMP-14 promoter. In NB tissues, miR-584-5p was under-expressed and inversely correlated with MMP-14 expression, and was an independent prognostic factor for favorable outcome of patients. miR-584-5p precursor attenuated the expression of MMP-14 in a Dicer-dependent manner, resulting in decreased levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, in cultured NB cell lines. In addition, miR-584-5p suppressed the promoter activity of MMP-14, and mutation of miR-584-5p binding site abolished these effects. Mechanistically, miR-584-5p recruited Argonaute 2 to facilitate the enrichment of enhancer of zeste homolog 2, histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation, and histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation on MMP-14 promoter in NB cells, which was abolished by repressing the miR-584-5p-promoter interaction. Gain- and loss-of-function studies demonstrated that miR-584-5p suppressed the growth, invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis of NB cells in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, restoration of MMP-14 expression rescued the NB cells from changes in these biological features. Taken together, these results indicate that promoter-targeting miR-584-5p exerts tumor suppressive functions in NB through repressing the transcription of MMP-14.
“…One study demonstrated that FOXD3 regulated RND3 expression and migration properties in melanoma cells (11). Another reported that FOXD3 exhibited tumor suppressive activity that affected the growth, aggressiveness and angiogenesis of neuroblastoma through the transcriptional regulation of NDRG1 (12). However, the role of FOXD3 in lung cancer remains uncharacterized.…”
Abstract. The purpose of the present study was to explore the targets of forkhead box D3 (FOXD3) in lung cancer, and thus contribute to the diagnosis and therapy of the disease. The gene expression profile of GSE64513 was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The dataset contained 3 FOXD3 knockout A549 lung cancer cell samples and 3 normal A549 cell samples. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the FOXD3-knockout and normal A549 cells were identified using the limma package in R. The alternative splicing genes (ASGs) in FOXD3-knockout samples were identified by Replicate Multivariate Analysis of Transcript Splicing software. The Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery was used to identify the enriched functions and pathways of DEGs and ASGs. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed based on results from the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes database and visualized using Cytoscape software. A total of 1,853 DEGs and 2,249 ASGs were identified in FOXD3-knockout A549 cells compared with normal A549 cells. The DEGs were enriched in 338 Gene Ontology (GO) terms and 21 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, and the ASGs were enriched in 470 GO terms and 22 KEGG pathways. A total of 199 overlaps between the DEGs and the ASGs were identified; a PPI network constructed based on the overlapping genes contained 97 nodes and 115 pairs. FOXD3 may serve an important role in regulating the growth, migration and proliferation of tumor cells in lung cancer. The present study indicates that a number of genes, including AURKA and NOS3, may be targets of FOXD3, mediating its effect in lung cancer.
Therapy against nasopharyngeal carcinoma (
NPC
) is hurdled by chemoresistance. Recent studies found that micro
RNA
(mi
RNA
) are important regulators of cancer resistance. In this study, we aimed to explore the role and mechanism of miR‐26b in regulating
NPC
cisplatin (
CDDP
) resistance. Real‐time
PCR
was used to evaluate miR‐26b levels in
CDDP
‐resistant and
CDDP
‐sensitive
NPC
cells, as well as human
NPC
tissues. MiR‐26b was ectopically overexpressed in
CDDP
‐resistant cells, followed by monitoring changes in cell viability and apoptosis. Interaction between
JAG
1 and miR‐26b was characterized by dual‐luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, we investigated whether ectopic
JAG
1 expression reversed
CDDP
sensitivity induced by miR‐26b overexpression. The effect of
FOXD
3 down‐regulation on miR‐26b was also evaluated. Our results indicate that miR‐26b was lower in the
CDDP
‐resistant
NPC
cells, human
NPC
tissue, particularly in secondary metastases. Ectopic expression of miR‐26b sensitized
NPC
cells to
CDDP
.
JAG
1 is a target of miR‐26b, and its expression is inversely correlated with miR‐26b. Overexpression of
JAG
1 reversed the
CDDP
sensitivity induced by miR‐26b overexpression.
FOXD
3 expression was also down‐regulated in
CDDP
‐resistant
NPC
.
FOXD
3 promoted miR‐26b expression and down‐regulation of
FOXD
3 suppressed miR‐26b expression. Down‐regulation of miR‐26b is closely correlated with the
CDDP
resistance in
NPC
.
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