Foveal Shape and Structure in a Normal Population

Tick, Sarah; Rossant, Florence; Ghorbel, Itebeddine; Gaudric, Alain; Sahel, José‐Alain; Chaumet-Riffaud, Philippe; Pâques, M.

doi:10.1167/iovs.10-7005

Cited by 198 publications

(178 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…Previous studies revealed that foveal pit morphology showed differences between races, and FAZ size had significant correlation with foveal fit morphology. 58,59 Therefore, the utility of FAZ size may be complicated or limited in a clinic where patients from various races are examined.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study of the Relationship Between Foveal Avascular Zone Size and Retinal Vessel Density

Kwon

Choi²,

Shin

et al. 2018

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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PURPOSE. To assess the relationship between the size of the foveal avascular zone (FAZ; area and perimeter) and vessel density (VD) at various retinal regions using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG).METHODS. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, OAG eyes were grouped according to the presence/absence of central visual field (CVF) defects. A control group of normal eyes was also included. OCTA images were obtained from the optic nerve (4.5 3 4.5 mm 2 ) and macular (3 3 3 mm 2 ) area, in which VDs were measured in the circumpapilla, parafovea, and fovea regions. Partial correlation analyses between FAZ parameters representing size and VDs at different retinal regions were performed. The correlation between FAZ parameters and macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer thickness (mGCIPLT) and CVF mean sensitivity (MS) was also assessed. For spatial correspondence, correlations between FAZ parameters and corresponding VD, mGCIPLT, and CVF-MS measurements were assessed at each hemiretina. RESULTS.A total of 126 OAG eyes and 40 controls were reviewed. Overall, FAZ parameters showed statistically significant correlations with VDs measured at the fovea, parafovea, and circumpapilla (FAZ area: r ¼ À0.603, À0.385, À0.256; P < 0.001, < 0.001, and 0.003, respectively). These correlations were observed regardless of the presence of CVF defects (all P < 0.05). FAZ size showed significant spatial correlations with VD, mGCIPLT, and CVF-MS measurements at each hemiretina.CONCLUSIONS. OCTA-derived FAZ area and perimeter showed statistically significant correlations with VDs measured at various retinal locations with spatial correspondence in OAG.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study of the Relationship Between Foveal Avascular Zone Size and Retinal Vessel Density

Kwon

Choi²,

Shin

et al. 2018

Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci.

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“…2,6,19,20 Recent use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) has shown that the size and shape of the fovea is quite variable among the normal population. 21,22 In addition, for determination of preoperative tissue defects, identification of the foveal morphology before hole development is necessary. 7,23,24 However, in most cases the prehole foveal morphology may not be known, although it is well established that foveal morphology between eyes of an individual shows strong symmetry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determination of macular hole size in relation to individual variabilities of fovea morphology

Shin

Chu

Hong

et al. 2015

Eye

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Purpose To determine the preoperative anatomic factors in macular holes and their correlation to hole closure. Methods Forty-six eyes with consecutive unilateral macular hole who had undergone surgery and followed up for at least 6 months were enrolled. Optical coherence tomography images and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) within 2 weeks prior to operation and 6 months after surgery were analyzed. The maximal hole dimension, foveal degeneration factors (inner nuclear layer cysts, outer segment (OS) shortening) and the widest foveolar floor size of the fellow eyes were measured. For overcoming preoperative individual variability of foveal morphology, an 'adjusted' hole size parameter (the ratio between the hole size and the fellow eye foveolar floor size) was used based on the fact that both eyes were morphologically symmetrical. Results Mean preoperative BCVA (logMAR) was 1.03 ± 0.43 and the mean postoperative BCVA was 0.50 ± 0.38 at 6 months. Preoperative BCVA is significantly associated with postoperative BCVA (P = 0.0002). The average hole diameter was 448.9 ± 196.8 μm and the average fellow eye foveolar floor size was 461.3 ± 128.4 μm. There was a correlation between hole diameter and the size of the fellow eye foveolar floor (Pearson's coefficient = 0.608, Po0.0001). The adjusted hole size parameter was 0.979 ± 0.358 (0.761-2.336), which was a strong predictor for both anatomic (P = 0.0281) and visual (P = 0.0016) outcome. Conclusion When determining the extent of preoperative hole size, we have to take into consideration the foveal morphologic variations among individuals. Hole size may be related to the original foveal shape, especially in relation to the centrifugal retraction of the foveal tissues.

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“…The extraordinary form was transferred from Ref. [14]. For all three cases, the thickness of the vitreous was adapted such that the overall length of the optical system remained constant.…”

Section: Optical Simulation Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For the comprehensive optical analysis, the dependency on several parameters, such as wavelength, aperture diameter, or the angle of incident ray bundles, were investigated Comparison of different foveal shapes; in blue, the crosssection from the OCT measurements of an average foveal shape and, in red, a cross-section of an extraordinary foveal shape found in literature [14].…”

Section: Optical Simulation Basismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The difference in shapes is depicted in Figure 3 (an average form (A) based on in vivo OCT measurements, an extraordinary shape (B) derived from literature [14]). The blue curves depict the respective foveal shapes, the red curves represent the spherical reference foveal shape, and the green curves shows the shape of the image layer.…”

Section: Introduction To the Simulation Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Does the foveal shape influence the image formation in human eyes?

Frey

Zimmerling

Scheibe

et al. 2017

Advanced Optical Technologies

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Abstract:In human eyes, the maximum visual acuity correlates locally with the fovea, a shallow depression in the retina. Previous examinations have been reduced to simple geometrical fovea models derived from postmortem preparations and considering only a few superficial ray propagation aspects. In the current study, an extended and realistic analysis of ray-optical simulations for a comprehensive anatomical realistic eye model for the anterior part and realistic aspherical human foveal topographical profiles deduced from in vivo optical coherence tomography (OCT) are presented, and the refractive index step at the transition from vitreous to retinal tissue is taken into account. The optical effect of a commonly shaped (averaged) and an extraordinarily shaped foveal pit were both compared to the analysis of an assumed pure spherical boundary layer. The influence of the aperture size, wavelength, and incident angle on the spot size and shape, as well as the axial focal and lateral centroid position is investigated, and a lateral displacement of about 2 μm and an axial shift of the best focal position of less than 4 μm are found. These findings indicate only small optical effects that are laterally in the range of inter-receptor distances and axially less than the photoreceptor outer segment dimension.

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Foveal Shape and Structure in a Normal Population

Cited by 198 publications

References 43 publications

An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study of the Relationship Between Foveal Avascular Zone Size and Retinal Vessel Density

An Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Study of the Relationship Between Foveal Avascular Zone Size and Retinal Vessel Density

Determination of macular hole size in relation to individual variabilities of fovea morphology

Does the foveal shape influence the image formation in human eyes?

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