Fourteen Stations of Auxin

Friml, Jiřı́

doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a039859

Cited by 59 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 207 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Because polarized PIN proteins act as auxin exporters to directly guide polar auxin transport, they mediate many aspects of plant growth and development (Friml, 2021). We therefore tested whether PpPINA- and PpPINB-GFP with distinct polar localizations generate distinct gain-of-function phenotypes.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergence of trafficking and polarization mechanisms for PIN auxin transporters during land plant evolution

Tang

Cheng

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The phytohormone auxin and its directional transport through tissues play a fundamental role in plant development. This polar auxin transport relies on the PIN auxin exporters, whose polarization at the plasma membrane determines the overall direction of auxin flow. Hence, PIN polarization is crucial for development, but its evolution during the rise of developmental complexity in land plants remains unclear. Here, we investigated the evolution of PIN trafficking and polarization by comparing two model bryophytes, Physcomitrella patens and Marchantia polymorpha, with the angiosperm model Arabidopsis thaliana. All examined PINs show a conserved auxin export function, which is reflected by comparable bryophytic growth defects in overexpression lines. In bryophytes, bryophytic PINs polarize to filamentous apices, while Arabidopsis PINs distribute symmetrically on the membrane with additional intracellular puncta. In the Arabidopsis root epidermis, bryophytic PINs show no defined polarity. Pharmacological interference revealed a strong cytoskeleton dependence of bryophytic but not Arabidopsis PIN polarization, which, in contrast, strongly relies on Brefeldin A-sensitive trafficking. The divergence of PIN polarization and trafficking is also observed within the bryophyte clade and between tissues in individual species. These results collectively reveal a divergence of PIN trafficking and polarity mechanisms throughout land plant evolution and suggest co-evolution of PIN sequence-based and cell-based polarity mechanisms.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Divergence of trafficking and polarization mechanisms for PIN auxin transporters during land plant evolution

Tang

Cheng

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Gravity remains constant, and only the position of the plant can change relative to its source. Therefore, taller plants have evolved to grow their aboveground organs away (negative gravitropism) and their belowground organs along the gravitropic vector (positive gravitropism) [ 3 , 15 , 55 , 60 , 61 , 62 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Throttling Growth Speed: Evaluation of aux1-7 Root Growth Profile by Combining D-Root system and Root Penetration Assay

García-González

Lacek

Weckwerth

et al. 2022

Plants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Directional root growth control is crucial for plant fitness. The degree of root growth deviation depends on several factors, whereby exogenous growth conditions have a profound impact. The perception of mechanical impedance by wild-type roots results in the modulation of root growth traits, and it is known that gravitropic stimulus influences distinct root movement patterns in concert with mechanoadaptation. Mutants with reduced shootward auxin transport are described as being numb towards mechanostimulus and gravistimulus, whereby different growth conditions on agar-supplemented medium have a profound effect on how much directional root growth and root movement patterns differ between wild types and mutants. To reduce the impact of unilateral mechanostimulus on roots grown along agar-supplemented medium, we compared the root movement of Col-0 and auxin resistant 1-7 in a root penetration assay to test how both lines adjust the growth patterns of evenly mechanostimulated roots. We combined the assay with the D-root system to reduce light-induced growth deviation. Moreover, the impact of sucrose supplementation in the growth medium was investigated because exogenous sugar enhances root growth deviation in the vertical direction. Overall, we observed a more regular growth pattern for Col-0 but evaluated a higher level of skewing of aux1-7 compared to the wild type than known from published data. Finally, the tracking of the growth rate of the gravistimulated roots revealed that Col-0 has a throttling elongation rate during the bending process, but aux1-7 does not.

show abstract

“…TIR1/AFB against TMK: Auxin-triggered growth inhibition in root Root gravitropic response and auxin-triggered root growth inhibition have been suspected to be too fast to involve transcriptional mechanisms, but on the other hand, many components of the TIR1/AFB signaling including TIR1 itself were identified based on auxin-insensitive root growth phenotypes (Friml, 2021). Careful examination of the dynamics of the effects of auxin on root growth using vertical microscopy (von Wangenheim et al, 2017) and root microfluidics revealed that root growth inhibition occurs within 30 s or less, arguing more definitely against the involvement of a transcriptional mechanism (Fendrych et al, 2018).…”

Section: Acidification and Alkalization For Root Growth Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Auxin signaling: Research advances over the past 30 years

Zhang

Friml

et al. 2022

JIPB

Self Cite

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Auxin, one of the first identified and most widely studied phytohormones, has been and will remain a hot topic in plant biology. After more than a century of passionate exploration, the mysteries of its synthesis, transport, signaling, and metabolism have largely been unlocked. Due to the rapid development of new technologies, new methods, and new genetic materials, the study of auxin has entered the fast lane over the past 30 years. Here, we highlight advances in understanding auxin signaling, including auxin perception, rapid auxin responses, TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1 and AUXIN SIGNALING F-boxes (TIR1/AFBs)-mediated transcriptional and non-transcriptional branches, and the epigenetic regulation of auxin signaling. We also focus on feedback inhibition mechanisms that prevent the over-amplification of auxin signals.In addition, we cover the TRANSMEMBRANE KINASE-mediated non-canonical signaling, which converges with TIR1/AFBs-mediated transcriptional regulation to coordinate plant growth and development. The identification of additional auxin signaling components and their regulation will continue to open new avenues of research in this field, leading to an increasingly deeper, more comprehensive understanding of how auxin signals are interpreted at the cellular level to regulate plant growth and development.

show abstract

Fourteen Stations of Auxin

Cited by 59 publications

References 207 publications

Divergence of trafficking and polarization mechanisms for PIN auxin transporters during land plant evolution

Divergence of trafficking and polarization mechanisms for PIN auxin transporters during land plant evolution

Throttling Growth Speed: Evaluation of aux1-7 Root Growth Profile by Combining D-Root system and Root Penetration Assay

Auxin signaling: Research advances over the past 30 years

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About