Fourier TransformRaman Spectroscopy of Some Energetic Materials and Propellant Formulations. II

Fell, Nicholas F.; Widder, Jeffrey M.; Medlin, Stephen V.; Morris, Jeffrey B.; Pesce‐Rodriguez, Rose A.; McNesby, Kevin L.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4555(199602)27:2<97::aid-jrs931>3.0.co;2-p

Cited by 40 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…We note the presence of a small peak at 1040 cm À1 , which is more intensive in the study of Fell [16]. It could be linked to the presence of ammonium nitrate impurities in ADN as suggested by Ö stmark.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocrystallisation of Ammonium DiNitramide (ADN) by Spray Flash Evaporation (SFE)

Berthe

Schnell

Boehrer³

et al. 2018

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Ammonium DiNitramide (ADN) is an interesting oxidizer to replace ammonium perchlorate in the composition of solid propellants. In this study, Spray Flash Evaporation (SFE) is presented as a new technology to enhance stability of ADN by crystallization of nanoparticles. The crystallinity and purity of the compound was confirmed by X‐Ray Diffraction and Raman analysis. An average diameter of spherical particles around 32 nm (solution of ethyl acetate) and 34 nm (solution of methyl acetate) was measured by Scanning Electronic Microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, the downsizing to nanoscale induces a slower moisture absorption kinetic under 55 % of relative humidity, a reduction of the critical diameter of detonation and the desensitization to impact.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanocrystallisation of Ammonium DiNitramide (ADN) by Spray Flash Evaporation (SFE)

Berthe

Schnell

Boehrer³

et al. 2018

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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“…Power. For Raman spectroscopy, the optimal excitation wavelength is an application-dependent tradeoff between increased signal versus interference, mostly from fluorescence, but sometimes from grey-body thermal emission of dyestuffs added to the explosives [13,14]. Shifting to shorter excitation wavelengths gains signal according to the "ν 4 " factor.…”

Section: Preliminary Considerations: Excitation Wavelength Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design Considerations for a Portable Raman Probe Spectrometer for Field Forensics

Kelly

Blake

Bernacki

et al. 2012

International Journal of Spectroscopy

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Raman spectroscopy has been shown to be a viable method for explosives detection. Currently most forensic Raman systems are either large, powerful instruments for laboratory experiments or handheld instruments for in situ point detection. We have chosen to examine the performance of certain benchtop Raman probe systems with the goal of developing an inexpensive, portable system that could be used to operate in a field forensics laboratory to examine explosives-related residues or samples. To this end, a rugged, low distortion line imaging dispersive Raman spectrograph was configured to work at 830 nm laser excitation and was used to determine whether the composition of thin films of plastic explosives or small (e.g., ≤10 μm) particles of RDX or other explosives or oxidizers can be detected, identified, and quantified in the field. With 300 mW excitation energy, concentrations of RDX and PETN can be detected and reconstructed in the case of thin Semtex smears, but further work is needed to push detection limits of areal dosages to the ~1 μg/cm2 level. We describe the performance of several probe/spectrograph combinations and show preliminary data for particle detection, calibration and detection linearity for mixed compounds, and so forth.

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“…Because Raman linewidths are more narrow than those measured using absorption based measurements, it is possible to see slight impurities in samples and in mixtures of many explosive 75 and Figure 3 shows the slight impurity of HMX often found in RDX manufactured in the US, relative to that of pure RDX. 53 The well resolved spectra may have forensic uses. An interesting application of this is the use of Raman spectra with neural networks to develop screening techniques to determine whether or not an unknown compound is energetic.…”

Section: Raman Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Vibrational Spectroscopy in the Study of Explosives

McNesby

Pesce‐Rodriguez

2001

Handbook of Vibrational Spectroscopy

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The sections in this article are Introduction Background on Explosives Materials Handling Vibrational Spectroscopy Applications Methods – Non‐Thermal Techniques Transmission FT ‐ IR Spectroscopy Attenuated Total Reflection ( ATR ) Infrared Microscopy FT ‐ IR Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Diffuse Reflection FT ‐ IR Spectroscopy Surface‐Enhanced Infrared and Surface‐Enhanced R aman Spectroscopy Grazing Angle Reflection/Absorption FT ‐ IR Spectroscopy Theoretical Calculations R aman Spectroscopy Methods – Thermal Techniques Rapid‐Scan FT ‐ IR Spectroscopy DAC / GAC – Microspectroscopy Transmission FT ‐ IR Spectroscopy of Thin Films High Temperature FT ‐ IR Spectroscopy Low Temperature FT ‐ IR Emission FT ‐ IR Spectroscopy R aman Spectroscopy Conclusion Acknowledgments

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Fourier TransformRaman Spectroscopy of Some Energetic Materials and Propellant Formulations. II

Cited by 40 publications

References 4 publications

Nanocrystallisation of Ammonium DiNitramide (ADN) by Spray Flash Evaporation (SFE)

Nanocrystallisation of Ammonium DiNitramide (ADN) by Spray Flash Evaporation (SFE)

Design Considerations for a Portable Raman Probe Spectrometer for Field Forensics

Applications of Vibrational Spectroscopy in the Study of Explosives

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