Fourier transform spectrometers for remote sensing of planetary atmospheres and surfaces

Shakun, Alexey; Korablev, Oleg; Moshkin, B. E.; Grigoriev, Аlexey; Ignatiev, Nikolay; Maslov, I. A.; Sazonov, Oleg; Patsaev, D.; Kungurov, Andrey; Santos-Skripko, Alexander; Zharkov, A. V.; Stupin, Igor; Merzlyakov, Dmitry; Makarov, V. S.; Martinovich, Fedor; Nikolskiy, Y.; Shashkin, V. S.

doi:10.1007/s12567-017-0176-2

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The principal design of compact 1-inch interferometer (Michelson scheme) with the single-axis robot was previously discussed [2,6] as a potential subsystem of an FTS for the Martian landing platform. However, the final version of the interferometer (Fig.…”

Section: Interferometer Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A significant contribution to the final design of the interferometer was made during the successful attempt to adapt it to the prescribed mechanical envelope (265×140×75 mm 3 ). The optical scheme of the interferometer [2] has not changed compared to the proposed prototype. The spectral range of the interferometer (1.7-17 μm) is defined by the detector inlet window (Ge) with anti-reflectance (AR) coating.…”

Section: Interferometer Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The infrared Fourier-transform spectrometer FAST (Fourier for Atmospheric Species and Temperature) [2] is a part of the landing platform science payload. The instrument is aimed at long term thermal sounding of the Martian atmosphere and retrieval of the aerosol loading (ice and dust).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interferometer with single-axis robot: design, alignment and performance

Shakun¹,

Santos-Skripko²,

Sazonov³

et al. 2019

Infrared Remote Sensing and Instrumentation XXVII

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An interferometer is an essential subsystem of the Fourier-transform spectrometer (FTS). We describe an FTS instrument to operate at the surface of Mars based on a Michelson interferometer with hollow retroreflectors. The instrument will operate in two different regimes, observing the solar disc through the atmosphere to measure trace gases, and measuring the thermal emission from the atmosphere to study the planetary boundary layer (PBL). The interferometer has an aperture of 1 inch, operates in the spectral range 1.7-17 μm, and features low mass and volume (≤1 kg with all necessary subsystems). Beam splitter and compensator are made of potassium bromide (KBr). A single-axis robot with stepper motor drive provides a linear movement of the retroreflector (the speed stability is about 2%) and enables a maximal optical path difference (MOPD) of 15 cm. A reference channel with a distributed-feedback laser diode (0.76 μm) and a photodiode (Si) supports the interferogram sampling and the speed stabilization loop. The time to measure one interferogram with a best spectral resolution of about 0.05 cm-1 is 500 s (the sun tracking regime). In the thermal sounding regime, one measurement of a two-side interferogram (with the spectral resolution of ~1 cm-1) takes less than 1 min. Laboratory calibrations with a black body and a laser confirm the design parameters of the instrument.

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Section: Interferometer Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interferometer Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interferometer with single-axis robot: design, alignment and performance

Shakun¹,

Santos-Skripko²,

Sazonov³

et al. 2019

Infrared Remote Sensing and Instrumentation XXVII

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“…Requirements for such system are high precision, low mass, and capability to withstand the launch and landing mechanical loads. The development and prototyping of the two coordinates pointing system is a part of activity supporting the advancement of the FTIR FAST (Fourier for Atmospheric Species and Temperature) [2,3], the instrument of the science payload to fly at the ExoMars landing platform [4]. The main science goal of FAST is to measure trace gases in the Martian atmosphere utilizing Sun observation with high spectral resolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 1-inch interferometer of FAST [2,3] is based on a Michelson scheme with retroreflectors instead of the flat mirrors. To ensure the required (150-mm) maximal optical path difference (MOPD) a single-axis robot with a geared stepper motor is applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-coordinate pointing and tracking system for an infrared Fourier-transform spectrometer

Shakun¹,

Kungurov²,

Sazonov³

et al. 2019

Infrared Remote Sensing and Instrumentation XXVII

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We describe a 1-inch aperture pointing system realized with a rope transmission driven by geared stepper motors for operation at the surface of Mars. The system is intended to serve in the Fourier-transform spectrometer to observe both the sun through the atmosphere and the thermal emission of the atmosphere. The scanner covers a full 2π field of view (the upper hemisphere). The accuracy of 0.1 mrad (~21 arcsec) for the sun tracking is achieved using an automatic control system with an IR array sensor (3232) in the loop. The optics of the pointing system consists of three flat mirrors and a germanium inlet window. The mass of the subsystem does not exceed 0.8 kg. The design accounts for the necessity of dust protection in the Martian environment. The effect of a finite accuracy of the pointing and tracking on the instrument signal to noise ratio is modeled.

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