Fourier-transform rheology of unvulcanized styrene butadiene rubber filled with increasingly silanized silica

Nie, Shouliang; Lacayo‐Pineda, Jorge; Wilhelm, Manfred

doi:10.1080/1539445x.2018.1542314

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Several studies have been conducted on LAOS behavior of uncured filled rubber compounds. The Payne effect, mentioned earlier, is also observed in unvulcanized filled rubber compounds, including SBR/silica compounds 99–115 . It has been shown that the Payne effect increases with silica loading, surface area, and aspect ratio.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…Some research regarding harmonic analysis has also been conducted on silica‐filled rubbers. Studies focused on silica‐filled SBR, 115 silica‐filled SBR/BR blends, 126 a silica‐filled SBR/NR/BR blend, 127,128 and silica‐filled NBR 129 . Nie et al 115 studied the effect of varying silane levels on the I 3/1 behavior in SBR/silica compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies focused on silica‐filled SBR, 115 silica‐filled SBR/BR blends, 126 a silica‐filled SBR/NR/BR blend, 127,128 and silica‐filled NBR 129 . Nie et al 115 studied the effect of varying silane levels on the I 3/1 behavior in SBR/silica compounds. They found that increasing the silane content decreased I 3/1 at low strain amplitudes but increased it at high strain amplitudes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most studies have conducted a simple Payne effect analysis. The only study the author is aware of that conducted a harmonic analysis on SBR/silica systems is the work by Nie et al 115 which studied the effect of various silane levels. We have recently carried out theoretical and experimental research on SAOS 132 and stress relaxation 133 behavior of star‐shaped SBR/silica systems containing silica of various surface areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Correlations in rheological behavior between large amplitude oscillatory shear and steady shear flow of silica‐filled star‐shaped styrene‐butadiene rubber compounds: Experiment and simulation

Pole

Isayev

2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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The large amplitude oscillatory shear (LAOS) and steady shear behavior of star‐shaped SSBR/silica 60 phr (21 vol%) compounds with various filler surface areas was measured and simulated. An SBR gum and SBR compounds containing four different silicas with surface areas of 55, 135, 160, and 195 m2/g were utilized. Rheological behavior indicated clear correlation with surface area. LAOS tests showed an increase in dynamic moduli, shear stress, and higher order harmonic contributions with surface area. Elastic and viscous Lissajous figures showed significant distortion at intermediate and higher strain amplitudes. Additionally, ratios of third and fifth order stress harmonics to the first stress harmonic (I3/1 and I5/1, respectively) showed a ''bump'' at intermediate strain amplitudes for the three highest surface area compounds. With regards to steady shear, all materials showed strong shear thinning behavior, and an increase in shear viscosity with surface area. The Cox‐Merz rule was shown to be valid for the SBR gum but not for the filled compounds. However, the complex viscosity as a function of shear rate amplitude at various frequencies at high strain amplitudes and the steady shear viscosity as a function of shear rate coincided. This correlation, referred to as the Philippoff approach, has important ramifications for the rubber industry, providing quick data for predicting processing behavior. The Simhambhatla‐Leonov model was successfully employed to simulate rheological behavior for the SBR gum and the lowest surface area silica compound, but the model yielded mixed results for the higher surface area silica compounds.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Correlations in rheological behavior between large amplitude oscillatory shear and steady shear flow of silica‐filled star‐shaped styrene‐butadiene rubber compounds: Experiment and simulation

Pole

Isayev

2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Filler particles modify in particular the viscoelastic properties of rubber composites [1][2][3]. Although mechanical properties of rubber composites, specific parameters of nano-sized fillers and filler-matrix interactions have been extensively investigated, a conclusive physical picture describing the mechanisms determining dissipation and reinforcement in rubber composites on the microscopic level is still missing [1,[4][5][6][7][8]. A better understanding of these mechanisms is, however, necessary to meet the challenging demands of rubber composites for tire applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common Origin of Filler Network Related Contributions to Reinforcement and Dissipation in Rubber Composites

Nagaraja

Henning

Ilisch³

et al. 2021

Polymers

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A comparative study focusing on the visco–elastic properties of two series of carbon black filled composites with natural rubber (NR) and its blends with butadiene rubber (NR-BR) as matrices is reported. Strain sweeps at different temperatures are performed. Filler network-related contributions to reinforcement (ΔG′) are quantified by the classical Kraus equation while a modified Kraus equation is used to quantify different contributions to dissipation (ΔGD″, ΔGF″). Results indicate that the filler network is visco-elastic in nature and that it is causing a major part of the composite dissipation at small and intermediate strain amplitudes. The temperature dependence of filler network-related reinforcement and dissipation contributions is found to depend significantly on the rubber matrix composition. We propose that this is due to differences in the chemical composition of the glassy rubber bridges connecting filler particles since the filler network topology is seemingly not significantly influenced by the rubber matrix for a given filler content. The underlying physical picture explains effects in both dissipation and reinforcement. It predicts that these glassy rubber bridges will soften sequentially at temperatures much higher than the bulk Tg of the corresponding rubber. This is hypothetically due to rubber–filler interactions at interfaces resulting in an increased packing density in the glassy rubber related to the reduction of free volume. From a general perspective, this study provides deeper insights towards the molecular origin of reinforcement and dissipation in rubber composites.

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Characterization of polyethylene/silica nanocomposites using different rheological analyses

Kim

Hyun

2021

Korea-Aust. Rheol. J.

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Fourier-transform rheology of unvulcanized styrene butadiene rubber filled with increasingly silanized silica

Cited by 15 publications

References 30 publications

Correlations in rheological behavior between large amplitude oscillatory shear and steady shear flow of silica‐filled star‐shaped styrene‐butadiene rubber compounds: Experiment and simulation

Correlations in rheological behavior between large amplitude oscillatory shear and steady shear flow of silica‐filled star‐shaped styrene‐butadiene rubber compounds: Experiment and simulation

Common Origin of Filler Network Related Contributions to Reinforcement and Dissipation in Rubber Composites

Characterization of polyethylene/silica nanocomposites using different rheological analyses

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