Fourier transform mass spectrometry without ion cyclotron resonance: direct observation of the trapping frequency of trapped ions

Orbitrap mass spectrometry: Instrumentation, ion motion and applications

“…Fast FT-based image current detection of ion axial motion has been previously demonstrated in 3D quadrupole (Badman et al, 1999;Goeringer, Crutcher, & McLuckey, 1995;Parks, Pollack, & Hill, 1994;Soni et al, 1996;Syka & Fies, 1988) and cylindrical ion traps (Badman et al, 1998), as well as the ICR cell (Schweikhard et al, 1989). The commercial orbitrap mass spectrometer has the following performance characteristics: (i) mass resolution up to 150,000, (ii) mass accuracy of 2-5 ppm (internal and external calibration, respectively), (iii) an ion abundance range of 1:5,000 over which accurate mass measurements can be made (''extent of mass accuracy''), (iv) as good as 0.2 ppm mass accuracy for peaks with signal-to-noise (S/N) ratio >10,000, (v) published upper mass-to-charge (m/z) limit of at least 6,000, (vi) increased spacecharge capacity at higher masses due to independence of the trapping potential on m/z ratio, (vii) in-spectrum linear dynamic range up to four orders of magnitude and (viii) larger trapping capacity compared to FT-ICR and the 3-D Paul trap (Hardman & Makarov, 2003;Hu et al, 2005;Makarov, 2000;Makarov et al, 2006a,b).…”

Modular data system for selective wave-form excitation and trapping experiments in Fourier transform mass spectrometry

“…In this case, an excitation waveform of the appropriate frequency composition is superimposed on the trap potential. The resulting waveform can be used to selectively eject unwanted ions or electrons (25,26) or excite them for direct detection of trapping motion (27).…”

Simultaneous monitoring of the radial modes of the ion motion and their manipulation in Penning traps by FT-ICR mass spectrometry

“…These experiments all build on the storage of ions in Penning traps [10]. FT-ICR can be used to further investigate the principles of this device [11][12][13][14][15], and this tradition is continued in the present study.…”