Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometric analysis of the green fraction of soil humic acids

Ikeya, Kosuke; Sleighter, Rachel L.; Hatcher, Patrick G.; Watanabe, Akira

doi:10.1002/rcm.6718

Cited by 12 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Sato (1976a), who examined the chemical property of Pg prepared by gel chromatography on Sephadex G-50, reported that a very small amount of DHPQ was isolated by sublimation of 10% (w/v) NaOH-insoluble fraction of Pg. As previously mentioned, Ikeya et al (2013) detected DHPQ and DHPQ substituted with carboxyl and/or hydroxyl groups and phenyl-DHPQ derivatives from FTICR-MS analysis of purified Pg. Other researchers have also suggested the presence of such acidic functional groups in Pg (Sato 1976a;Watanabe et al 1996).…”

Section: Chemical Properties Of Isolated Cegf Componentssupporting

confidence: 58%

“…As mentioned earlier, Sato (1976a) indicated that the EtOAc-soluble fraction of Pg was only 6% in addition to a very small amount of DHPQ. Ikeya et al (2013) also reported that DHPQ and its derivative accounted for 4.6% and 23.6%, respectively, of the purified Pg component based on FTICR-MS analysis, though the quantitative performance of this method is still debatable (Sugiyama 2010). It is impossible to directly compare our data with theirs due to the differences in soil sample, extraction method and sample treatment.…”

Section: Relationship Between Cegf and Pgmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sato (1976c) identified the chromophore of Pg as 4,9-dihydroxyperylene-3,10-quinone (DHPQ, Figure 2). In a recent study, Ikeya et al (2013) suggested the possible presence of many low molecular weight compounds (m/z < 700) such as DHPQ, DHPQ-derivative and aliphatic compounds in Pg. Given that Pg content accounts for as much as 10% of HA (Sato 1976a), Pg could be one of the possible sources of stable condensed aromatic soil organic matter (SOM) components (Ikeya et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a recent study, Ikeya et al (2013) suggested the possible presence of many low molecular weight compounds (m/z < 700) such as DHPQ, DHPQ-derivative and aliphatic compounds in Pg. Given that Pg content accounts for as much as 10% of HA (Sato 1976a), Pg could be one of the possible sources of stable condensed aromatic soil organic matter (SOM) components (Ikeya et al 2013). Zancada et al (2003) found that the relative amount of Pg in HA extracted from most eucalypt reforestation forest soils in Northern Spain was significantly lower than those from original deciduous forest and neighboring soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of the perylenequinone pigments in Japanese Andosols and Cambisol

Kobayashi

Rasmussen

Sumida

2018

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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The green fraction of humic acid (Pg) and the chloroform-extractable green fraction (CEGF) are characteristic soil organic matter (SOM) components. These alkaline solutions are green-colored due to the presence of 4,9-dihydroxyperylene-3,10-quinone (DHPQ) chromophore. While both of which are potential indicators for the effect of land use and paleoclimatic environment in the fields of soil science as well as geochemistry, CEGF as well as its relationship with Pg in soils are not yet fully documented. In this study, we firstly investigated the chemical properties of soil CEGF fractions by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) and infrared (IR) method. Two CEGF components were separated by sequential liquid-liquid extraction using aqueous ammonium hydroxide (NH 4 OH) followed by aqueous sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Results showed that the UV-Vis spectral shape of NH 4 OH-extractable component is very similar to that of DHPQ, except that it is red-shifted. The solubility and UV-Vis spectrum of the NaOH-extractable fraction were completely identical with those of synthesized DHPQ. Their IR spectral shapes were also almost the same. Subsequently, the distribution of CEGF in humic acid (HA), fulvic acid (FA) and humin (HN) from Japanese Andosols and Cambisol was quantitatively evaluated by sequential extraction. Most of CEGF was detected in the HA (60-78%) and HN (22-40%), but not in the FA. While the UV-Vis spectral shape of CEGF extracted from Andosols HAs showed a relatively higher proportion of DHPQ than its derivative, the opposite was observed in Cambisol HA, whose CEGF is similar to that of sclerotium grain (one of the possible origin of CEGF). These results suggest the diversity of CEGF-producing soil fungi. Quantitative data also indicated that 35-49% of Pg consisted of a chloroform-soluble fraction (i.e., CEGF) and the remaining 51-65% of Pg was chloroform-insoluble. Based on these results, we propose that CEGF is composed of DHPQ and DHPQ-derivatives and that CEGF is one of the major fractions of Pg.

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Section: Chemical Properties Of Isolated Cegf Componentssupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Relationship Between Cegf and Pgmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Characterization of the perylenequinone pigments in Japanese Andosols and Cambisol

Kobayashi

Rasmussen

Sumida

2018

Soil Science and Plant Nutrition

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“…In order to characterize the chemical nature of the large molecular weight-absorbing species, the mass spectra of the compounds separated by SEC were measured. For the chemical speciation of organics in aerosols, electrospray ionization operated in negative mode (ESIÀ) is most commonly employed [Wozniak et al, 2008;Laskin et al, 2009Laskin et al, , 2014Smith et al, 2009;Leclair et al, 2012;Lin et al, 2012Lin et al, , 2014Ikeya et al, 2013;Nguyen et al, 2014]. The total absorbing feature was split into two sections according to the local absorbance maxima in the total ion current (TIC) as shown in Figure 2a.…”

Section: 1002/2015gl066954mentioning

confidence: 99%

Size separation method for absorption characterization in brown carbon: Application to an aged biomass burning sample

Lorenzo

Young

2016

Geophysical Research Letters

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The majority of brown carbon (BrC) in atmospheric aerosols is derived from biomass burning (BB) and is primarily composed of extremely low volatility organic carbons. We use two chromatographic methods to compare the contribution of large and small light‐absorbing BrC components in aged BB aerosols with UV‐vis absorbance detection: (1) size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and (2) reverse phase high‐performance liquid chromatography. We observe no evidence of small molecule absorbers. Most BrC absorption arises from large molecular weight components (>1000 amu). This suggests that although small molecules may contribute to BrC absorption near the BB source, analyses of aerosol extracts should use methods selective to large molecular weight compounds because these species may be responsible for long‐term BrC absorption. Further characterization with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (MS) coupled to SEC demonstrates an underestimation of the molecular size determined through MS as compared to SEC.

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Spectroscopic and molecular characterization of humic substances (HS) from soils and sediments in a watershed: comparative study of HS chemical fractions and the origins

Derrien

Lee

Park

et al. 2017

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Optical properties and molecular composition of humic substances (HS) can provide valuable information on the sources and the history of the associated biogeochemical processes. In this study, many well-known spectral and molecular characteristics were examined in eight different HS samples, which were extracted from soils and sediments located in a forested watershed, via two advanced tools including fluorescence excitation emission matrix-parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) and high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). Two humic-like (C1 and C2) and one protein-like (C3) components were identified from EEM-PARAFAC. Irrespective of the origins, humic acid (HA) fractions were distinguished from fulvic acid (FA) fractions by the HS characteristics of specific UV absorbance (SUVA), the number of formulas, maximum fluorescence intensities of C1 and C2, condensed aromatics, tannins, and CHON, CHOS, and CHONS classes. In contrast, only five HS indices, including C3 intensity, H%, modified aromatic index (AI), the percentages of carbohydrates, and unsaturated hydrocarbons, were found to be significant factors in discriminating between the two HS origins (i.e., soils and sediments). The ordination of the Bray-Curtis dissimilarity matrix further confirmed that the HS chemical fraction (i.e., HA or FA) was the more important factor to determine the measured HS characteristics than the HS origin. Our results provided an in-depth insight into the chemical and structural heterogeneity of bulk HS, which could be even beyond the differences observed along the two HS origins. This study also delivers a cautious message that the two operationally defined HS chemical fractions should be carefully considered in tracking the origins of different HS samples.

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Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometric analysis of the green fraction of soil humic acids

Abstract: The important molecular formulae of Pg components were estimated utilizing FTICRMS. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Cited by 12 publications

References 38 publications

Characterization of the perylenequinone pigments in Japanese Andosols and Cambisol

Characterization of the perylenequinone pigments in Japanese Andosols and Cambisol

Size separation method for absorption characterization in brown carbon: Application to an aged biomass burning sample

Spectroscopic and molecular characterization of humic substances (HS) from soils and sediments in a watershed: comparative study of HS chemical fractions and the origins

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