Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) Oxidation Analysis of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) Implants: Possible Contamination from Synovial Fluid and Serum

Sun, D. C.; Halleck, A; Schmidig, Gregg; A, Wang; Stark, C.; Dumbleton, J. H.

doi:10.1520/stp11909s

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Thin sections (200 μm) created using a microtome were also prepared in worn and unworn locations and boiled in heptane for 6 hours to remove absorbed lipids [22]. The oxidation index through the thickness of the liners was then analyzed following ASTM 2102.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties, Oxidation, and Clinical Performance of Retrieved Highly Cross-Linked Crossfire Liners After Intermediate-Term Implantation

Kurtz

Austin

Azzam

et al. 2010

The Journal of Arthroplasty

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Sixty Crossfire (Stryker Orthopaedics, Mahwah, NJ) liners were consecutively revised after an average of 2.9 years (range: 0.01 – 8.0 years) for reasons unrelated to wear or mechanical performance of the polyethylene. Femoral head penetration was measured directly from 42 retrievals implanted for over 1 year. Penetration rate results (0.04 mm/y, on average; range: 0.00-0.13 mm/y) confirmed decreasing wear rates with longer in vivo times. Overall, we observed oxidation levels at the bearing surface of the 60 liners (0.5, on average; range: 0.1-1.7) comparable to those of non-implanted liners (0.5, on average; range: 0.3-1.1) and preservation of mechanical properties. We also measured elevated oxidation of the rim (3.4, on average; range: 0.2-8.8) that was correlated with implantation time. Rim surface damage, however, was observed in only 3/60 (5%) cases. Retrieval analysis of the three rim-damaged liners did not reveal an association between surface damage and the reasons for revision.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical Properties, Oxidation, and Clinical Performance of Retrieved Highly Cross-Linked Crossfire Liners After Intermediate-Term Implantation

Kurtz

Austin

Azzam

et al. 2010

The Journal of Arthroplasty

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“…Prior to hexane extraction, the carbonyl absorption spectrum near the surface in the worn areas of the clinically retrieved cups and the wear tested cups had a peak at 1740 cm Ϫ1 , corresponding to contaminants of proteins or esters. 8,34 After extraction the peak near the surface (i.e., between about 0.5 and 1 mm deep) shifted to 1736 cm Ϫ1 , corresponding to aldehyde groups (OCHO). At sites deeper than this the peak occurred at 1717 cm Ϫ1 , corresponding to a ketone ͩ { } CAOͪ.…”

Section: Effect Of Hexane Extraction On Apparent Level Of Oxidationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Li and colleagues suggested that the material containing esters was chemically bound to the bulk of the PE and was therefore not an absorbed contaminant. 36 More recently, Sun et al 34 analyzed the oxidation in "thin" microtomed sections of UHMW acetabular cups from laboratory wear tests and clinical retrievals. The absorption peak at 1740 cm Ϫ1 was essentially eliminated after ultrasonic washing in heptane, such that the apparent oxidation index decreased from 30 to 58% in the articulating region.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Potential errors in FTIR measurement of oxidation in ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene implants

Shen

McKellop

1999

J. Biomed. Mater. Res.

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Potential sources of error in the use of FTIR to measure the level of oxidation in ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene acetabular cups were evaluated using cups from a hip simulator wear study with and without artificial aging, as well as cups retrieved from clinically failed hip prostheses. Oxidation was measured as a function of depth below the bearing surface using transmission FTIR on microtomed sections of the cups. To account for the variation of the thickness of the microtomed sections, oxidation was plotted as the ratio of the absorbance of the carbonyl groups to the absorbance of a reference band at 2022 cm-1. Overnight soaking in hexane reduced the apparent levels of oxidation, presumably due to the extraction of absorbed contaminants. In cups with low to moderate levels of oxidation, the reference absorption was relatively independent of the level of oxidation and was linearly proportional to the thickness of the specimens, providing reproducible oxidation ratios. However, the scatter in the reference absorption and in the apparent oxidation ratio increased with increasing levels of oxidation and was greatest for the thickest (400 microm) microtomed sections. The profiles of the oxidation ratios for a given specimen that were plotted by the present study method could be numerically adjusted to coincide with the ratios plotted using the methods of two previous investigators, providing conversion factors that are useful for comparing results among the studies.

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“…Both rim and articular surfaces were tested three times at the depths of 0.5–3.0 mm at 0.5 mm intervals. These depths were chosen based on the peak rim subsurface OI as described in prior FTIR testing by Decker and colleagues 34,36–38 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These depths were chosen based on the peak rim subsurface OI as described in prior FTIR testing by Decker and colleagues. 34,[36][37][38]…”

Section: Microindentaion Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of free‐radical stabilization techniques on in vivo subsurface mechanical properties in highly cross‐linked polyethylene acetabular liners

Kump

Teeter

Matheson

et al. 2023

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Highly cross-linked polyethylene (HXLPE) for total hip arthroplasty was developed to improve wear resistance in vivo and associated complications in comparison to ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene. This material typically goes through various free-radical stabilization techniques by remelting, singleannealing, or sequentially annealing the polyethylene to improve in vivo oxidation and wear properties. The purpose of this study is to determine if there is evidence of subsurface microhardness changes in retrieved HXLPE liner at the rim and articular subsurface after extended in vivo time that could be associated with oxidation and its effects on mechanical properties and implant integrity. Retrieved HXLPE liners were chosen based on peak subsurface Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy oxidation values. Each was mechanically tested for subsurface microhardness at both the rim and articular surface using a validated microindentation technique. Rim testing demonstrated a decrease in mechanical integrity that corresponded to higher subsurface oxidation values regardless of the free-radical stabilization technique. At the articular surface, a decrease in mechanical integrity was observed near the surface corresponding to peak oxidation and Vicker's hardness, which decreased with increasing depths. This was found in all groups, with the exception of the single-annealed liners, which demonstrated decreased mechanical integrity trends at greater depths between 1.0 and 2.0 mm. Our results suggest that subsurface mechanical properties do change in vivo for certain implants. Though it is likely that the mechanical failures are multifactorial, we have shown that mechanical property degradation of HXLPE liners does occur with long-term in vivo exposure and should be considered a possible risk factor.

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Fourier-Transform Infrared (FTIR) Oxidation Analysis of Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) Implants: Possible Contamination from Synovial Fluid and Serum

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

Mechanical Properties, Oxidation, and Clinical Performance of Retrieved Highly Cross-Linked Crossfire Liners After Intermediate-Term Implantation

Mechanical Properties, Oxidation, and Clinical Performance of Retrieved Highly Cross-Linked Crossfire Liners After Intermediate-Term Implantation

Potential errors in FTIR measurement of oxidation in ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene implants

The impact of free‐radical stabilization techniques on in vivo subsurface mechanical properties in highly cross‐linked polyethylene acetabular liners

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