Fourier single-pixel imaging in the terahertz regime

She, Rongbin; Liu, Wenquan; Lu, Yuanfu; Zhou, Zhi; Li, Guangyuan

doi:10.1063/1.5094728

Cited by 33 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Other recent studies include demonstrating a spinning disc system working from 3 to 13 THz using random masks [45]. Reference [94] shows how random, Hadamard and masks based on the discrete cosine transform perform in the THz regime and reference [95] studied Hadamard vs. Fourier masks in the context of undersampling performance.…”

Section: Applications and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Terahertz-Light Modulators for Single-Pixel Cameras

Stantchev¹,

Pickwell‐MacPherson²

2022

Terahertz Technology

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Terahertz imaging looks set to become an integral part of future applications from semiconductor quality control to medical diagnosis. This will only become a reality when the technology is sufficiently cheap and capabilities adequate to compete with others. Single-pixel cameras use a spatial light modulator and a detector with no spatial-resolution in their imaging process. The spatial-modulator is key as it imparts a series of encoding masks on the beam and the detector measures the dot product of each mask and the object, thereby allowing computers to recover an image via post-processing. They are inherently slower than parallel-pixel imaging arrays although they are more robust and cheaper, hence are highly applicable to the terahertz regime. This chapter dedicates itself to terahertz single-pixel cameras; their current implementations, future directions and how they compare to other terahertz imaging techniques. We start by outlining the competing imaging techniques, then we discuss the theory behind single-pixel imaging; the main section shows the methods of spatially modulating a terahertz beam; and finally there is a discussion about the future limits of such cameras and the concluding remarks express the authors’ vision for the future of single-pixel THz cameras.

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Section: Applications and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial Terahertz-Light Modulators for Single-Pixel Cameras

Stantchev¹,

Pickwell‐MacPherson²

2022

Terahertz Technology

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“…In the THz regime, spatial modulation based on the Fourier and Hadamard basis is commonly adopted with high noise robustness. For instance, She et al reported Fourier single-pixel imaging with high signal-to-noise (SNR) ratio more prominent than 6 . Similarly, the Hadamard mask design, primarily used for THz imaging, represents outstanding SNR as the Fourier mask while containing binary nature.…”

Section: Efficient Subwavelength Terahertz Imaging Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, She et al reported Fourier single-pixel imaging with high signalto-noise (SNR) ratio more prominent than 6. 49 Similarly, the Hadamard mask design, primarily used for THz imaging, represents outstanding SNR as the Fourier mask while containing binary nature. Hadamard matrices have elements whose values are either +1 or −1, and every row is orthogonal to each other.…”

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confidence: 99%

Frontiers in Terahertz Imaging Applications beyond Absorption Cross-Section and Diffraction Limits

Lee

Park

et al. 2022

ACS Photonics

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Label-free imaging technology is highly desirable for various bioengineering, medicine, and chemistry applications. Most existing optical imaging techniques require labeling of the biospecimens and have limitations that may affect the intrinsic properties of the target species. The electromagnetic waves in the terahertz (THz) spectral range can be an excellent alternative to visible light, which provides plentiful vibrational signatures of many molecules with very low photon energy (1 THz is equivalent to 4 meV), completely free from damage to the biomaterials. For this reason, THz waves possessing a broadband spectrum have emerged as a critical technology for fundamental research in bio/chemical detection and medical imaging, as well as in solid-state physics, chemistry, material science, and highly anticipated 6G next-generation telecommunications. The limited performance of THz waves as a sensing or imaging tool has been a considerable drawback resulting from low sensitivity or diffraction-limited low spatial resolution. Nevertheless, many successes in obtaining increased sensitivity with additional nanostructures and improving spatial resolution with geometric beam shaping opened up a way for highly efficient real-time THz imaging. From this Perspective, recent trends in innovative THz sensing and imaging research deserve an introduction regarding the level of reliability and sensitivity that can evolve into an actual medical device and other applications. It can also be expected to enable progress in analysis algorithms (compressive phase retrieval, reconstruction, or machine/deep learning), enabling better data sampling, denoising, deblurring, and efficient computing cost, thus finally providing a leap forward in the THz imaging area beyond the absorption cross-section and diffraction limits.

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“…The aim of this study, targeting far-field imaging implementations, was to show how the IFD allows correcting the effect of diffraction when the patterned THz beam propagates for a certain distance before interrogating the sample. Another recent work 53 demonstrated the possibility of realizing and using "Fourier pattern" sets at THz frequencies. In this study, a silicon plate covered with a graphene monolayer was used as a photo-modulator, while the patterning source was a CW laser.…”

Section: All-optical Free-carrier-based Modulatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-pixel terahertz imaging: a review

Zanotto

Piccoli

Morandotti

et al. 2020

Opto-Electronic Advances

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This paper is devoted to reviewing the results achieved so far in the application of the single-pixel imaging technique to terahertz (THz) systems. The use of THz radiation for imaging purposes has been largely explored in the last twenty years, due to the unique capabilities of this kind of radiation in interrogating material properties. However, THz imaging systems are still limited by the long acquisition time required to reconstruct the object image and significant efforts have been recently directed to overcome this drawback. One of the most promising approaches in this sense is the so-called "single-pixel" imaging, which in general enables image reconstruction by patterning the beam probing the object and measuring the total transmission (or reflection) with a single-pixel detector (i.e., with no spatial resolution). The main advantages of such technique are that i) no bulky moving parts are required to raster-scan the object and ii) compressed sensing (CS) algorithms, which allow an appropriate reconstruction of the image with an incomplete set of measurements, can be successfully implemented. Overall, this can result in a reduction of the acquisition time. In this review, we cover the experimental solutions proposed to implement such imaging technique at THz frequencies, as well as some practical uses for typical THz applications.

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Fourier single-pixel imaging in the terahertz regime

Cited by 33 publications

References 45 publications

Spatial Terahertz-Light Modulators for Single-Pixel Cameras

Spatial Terahertz-Light Modulators for Single-Pixel Cameras

Frontiers in Terahertz Imaging Applications beyond Absorption Cross-Section and Diffraction Limits

Single-pixel terahertz imaging: a review

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