Fourier plasmonics: Diffractive focusing of in-plane surface plasmon polariton waves

Feng, Lishuang; Tetz, K.; Slutsky, Boris; Lomakin, Vitaliy; Fainman, Yeshaiahu

doi:10.1063/1.2772756

Cited by 84 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Indeed, it provides a framework to develop surface plasmon Fourier optics. Similar representations have been postulated as ansatz to surface plasmons interferences 27 , propagation along a stripe 5 or focussing 18 . The framework introduced above provides a rigorous derivation of the form of the surface plasmon field valid in a region with no sources.…”

Section: B Surface Plasmon Field Representation With a Real Frequencymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well-known that a finite size beam propagating in a vacuum has to be described in terms of a linear superposition of plane waves. Differents ansatz, often neglecting polarization, have been used in the litterature to address this question 5,18,27 . One of the goals of this paper is to derive a rigorous representation for the surface plasmon field.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface plasmon Fourier optics

et al. 2009

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Surface plasmons are usually described as surface waves with either a complex wavevector or a complex frequency. When discussing their merits in terms of field confinment or enhancement of the local density of states, controversies regularly arise as the results depend on the choice of a complex wavevector or a complex frequency. In particular, the shape of the dispersion curves depends on this choice. When discussing diffraction of surface plasmon a scalar approximation is often used. In this work, we derive two equivalent vectorial representations of a surface plasmon field using an expansion over surface waves with either a complex wavevector or a complex frequency. These representations can be used to account for propagation and diffraction of surface waves. They can also be used to discuss the issue of field confinment and local density of states as they have a non-ambiguous relation with the two dispersion relations.

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Section: B Surface Plasmon Field Representation With a Real Frequencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface plasmon Fourier optics

et al. 2009

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“…SPPs are electronic-electromagnetic modes sustained at an appropriate metallic/dielectric interface wherein the field reaches its maximum intensity at the surface of the metal. [1][2][3] Extensive studies have reported on 2D optical elements based on SPPs, including SPP scattering, [4][5][6] Bragg mirrors, 7,8 lenses, [9][10][11][12][13] interferometers and resonators. 14,15 However, 2D optics based on SPPs are intrinsically limited by absorption losses due to metals, which reduce the propagation length of SPPs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Manipulating Bloch surface waves in 2D: a platform concept-based flat lens

et al. 2014

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At the end of the 1970s, it was confirmed that dielectric multilayers can sustain Bloch surface waves (BSWs). However, BSWs were not widely studied until more recently. Taking advantage of their high-quality factor, sensing applications have focused on BSWs. Thus far, no work has been performed to manipulate and control the natural surface propagations in terms of defined functions with two-dimensional (2D) components, targeting the realization of a 2D system. In this study, we demonstrate that 2D photonic components can be implemented by coating an in-plane shaped ultrathin ( l/15) polymer layer on the dielectric multilayer. The presence of the polymer modifies the local effective refractive index, enabling direct manipulation of the BSW. By locally shaping the geometries of the 2D components, the BSW can be deflected, diffracted, focused and coupled with 2D freedom. Enabling BSW manipulation in 2D, the dielectric multilayer can play a new role as a robust platform for 2D optics, which can pave the way for integration in photonic chips. Multiheterodyne near-field measurements are used to study light propagation through micro-and nano-optical components. We demonstrate that a lens-shaped polymer layer can be considered as a 2D component based on the agreement between near-field measurements and theoretical calculations. Both the focal shift and the resolution of a 2D BSW lens are measured for the first time. The proposed platform enables the design of 2D all-optical integrated systems, which have numerous potential applications, including molecular sensing and photonic circuits. Keywords: Bloch surface wave; 2D optics; manipulation; micro-and nano-optics; nanophotonics; platform INTRODUCTION One or several elements are considered to comprise a two-dimensional (2D) optical system if they fulfill two conditions. First, the in-plane light propagation must have two spatial non-imaginary propagation constants. Second, the corresponding optical elements should have a 2D degree of freedom in shape. The previous statements may appear to imply that the reduction from three-dimensional (3D) to 2D is primarily a reduction in the degree of freedom. However, one of the main advantages is that 2D elements can have arbitrary shapes, which is difficult to achieve in 3D.There are various methods for addressing a 2D optical environment. One approach is represented by the use of wave-guiding media wherein the light is confined and propagated in a sandwiched structure. However, in the case of slab waveguides, the light is almost completely buried in the inner layers of the waveguide; thus, direct spatial mapping remains difficult or impossible. As an alternative to waveguides, a second route for 2D optics is represented by surface plasmons (SPPs) on smooth planar or structured metallic films. SPPs are electronic-electromagnetic modes sustained at an appropriate metallic/dielectric interface wherein the field reaches its maximum intensity at the surface of the metal.

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“…Various schemes have been proposed [8][9][10][11][12] but previous attempts in planar nanostructured materials have demonstrated a poor efficiency because of the difficulty to couple light into the nanostructures [13] used to generate SPP. Optical fiber tapers confine adiabatically light to the diffraction limit and provide an extremely regular field distribution within a relatively small area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%