Four-wave mixing microscopy of nanostructures

Wang, Yong; Lin, Chia‐Yu; Nikolaenko, Alexei; Raghunathan, Varun; Potma, Eric O.

doi:10.1364/aop.3.000001

Cited by 121 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 226 publications

(237 reference statements)

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“…For example, using CARS microscopy for the investigation of nanostructures [12], such as quantum dots, has become of wide interest. This field has the strong need for higher spatial resolution and the samples under investigation typically show a high damage threshold for frequencies matching the electronic transition.…”

Section: F Intensity Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An autofluorescence in such materials, if present at all, is often based on defects, meaning that structures with low defect rates are hardly visible with fluorescence microscopy and STED is hardly applicable. Therefore, nonlinear microscopy techniques, such as CARS microscopy, are of central interest for these investigations [12]. Although nonlinear microscopy techniques offer a higher spatial resolution compared to linear techniques, due to the nonlinear point spread function, the resolution is still limited by diffraction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ground-state depletion for subdiffraction-limited spatial resolution in coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy

et al. 2012

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We theoretically investigate ground-state depletion for subdiffraction-limited spatial resolution in coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy. We propose a scheme based on ground-state depopulation, which is achieved via a control laser light field incident prior to the CARS excitation light fields. This ground-state depopulation results in a reduced CARS signal generation. With an appropriate choice of spatial beam profiles, the scheme can be used to increase the spatial resolution. Based on the density matrix formalism we calculate the CARS signal generation and find a CARS signal suppression by 75% due to ground-state depletion with a single control light field and by using two control light fields the CARS signal suppression can be enhanced to 94%. Additional control light fields will enhance the CARS suppression even further. In case of a single control light field we calculate resulting CARS images using a computer-generated test image including quantum and detector noise and show that the background from the limited CARS suppression can be removed by calculating difference images, yielding subdiffraction-limited resolution where the resolution achievable depends only on the intensity used.

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Section: F Intensity Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ground-state depletion for subdiffraction-limited spatial resolution in coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy

et al. 2012

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“…Over the past decades, nonlinear optical effects have been proved to be useful for many different applications, including nonlinear microscopy [1], ultrafast laser systems [2], optical frequency conversion [3], and all-optical switching [4]. In fact, the optical nonlinearities are inherently weak, because they are governed by photon-photon interaction enabled by materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Brief Survey on Nonlinear Surface Plasmonics

Liang

2017

MATEC Web Conf.

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Abstract. With the rapid development of optical nonlinearities, the study of nonlinear surface plasmonics becomes more popular. Due to the huge potential application value of surface plasmonics, lots of researches in this field become the hotspot. This paper reviewed the history and basic researches of nonlinear plasmonics and focused on several hot topics attracting global attentions. In addition, we introduced the application status of nonlinear surface plasmonics and draw a conclusion. Meanwhile we outlooked the future developments.

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“…Noticeably, the coherent nature of the evanescent SPP surface wave [1, 2,8] has recently been "visualized" in a straightforward fashion in an elegant "double-slit" experiment with SPPs [9]. It is thus expected that SPPs may, in principle, be able to participate directly (and coherently) in conventional nonlinear optical processes of fundamental and practical interest, such as second-harmonic generation (SHG) [10][11][12][13], coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) [14], and four-wave mixing (4WM) [15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-launched evanescent surface plasmon polariton field utilized as a direct coherent pumping source to generate emitted nonlinear four-wave mixing radiation

2011

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Abstract:We develop a concept of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) based four-wave mixing (4WM), in which a laser-launched evanescent SPP field is utilized as a coherent pumping source to involve directly in a nonlinear 4WM process at the dielectric/metal interface. Conversion efficiency of the resulting 4WM radiation is expected to be dramatically increased due to the local-field enhancement effect. Feasibility of implementing this concept at the air/gold film and graphene flake/gold film interfaces is further examined by numerical simulations. The concept shows intriguing promise for applications in newly emerging nanophotonics, optoelectronics, and active plasmonics.

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Four-wave mixing microscopy of nanostructures

Cited by 121 publications

References 226 publications

Ground-state depletion for subdiffraction-limited spatial resolution in coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy

Ground-state depletion for subdiffraction-limited spatial resolution in coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy

A Brief Survey on Nonlinear Surface Plasmonics

Laser-launched evanescent surface plasmon polariton field utilized as a direct coherent pumping source to generate emitted nonlinear four-wave mixing radiation

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